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Câu 1:
ĐKXĐ: $3\geq x\geq -2$
PT \(\sqrt{x+2}-2-(\sqrt{3-x}-1)=x^2-6x+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{x-2}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}-\frac{2-x}{\sqrt{3-x}+1}=(x-2)(x-4)\) (liên hợp)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-2)\left[\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3-x}+1}-x+4\right]=0\)
Ta thấy với mọi $3\geq x\geq -2$ thì:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3-x}+1}>0\)
\(-x+4>0\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3-x}+1}-x+4>0\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3-x}+1}-x+4\neq 0\)
Do đó $x-2=0$ hay PT có nghiệm duy nhất $x=2$ (t/m)
Em thử thôi nha! Ko chắc...
2)Nhận xét x = 1 là một nghiệm. Xét x khác 1, khi đó
ĐK: \(x>1\)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-\sqrt{x-1}=\left(\sqrt{x+8}-3\right)-\left(\sqrt{x+3}-2\right)\) (bớt 1 ở mỗi vế)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x-1}}=\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}-\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x+3}+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+3}+2}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}\right)\right]=0\)
Vì x > 1 nên x - 1 khác 0 suy ra \(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+3}+2}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}\right)=0\) (1)
Dễ thấy vế trái của pt (1) < 0 với mọi x > 1 (em ko biết lí luận thế nào nữa...)
Do đó với x > 1 thì pt vô nghiệm.
Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất x = 1
\(\frac{5\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2\sqrt{2}+1}\)
\(=\frac{5\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)^2}{5}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{1}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\)
\(=6-2\sqrt{6}+1-2+2\sqrt{6}-3+\sqrt{2}-1=\sqrt{2}\)
nhìn mà nhác giải vl :v
a) \(\sqrt{3x^2-2x+1}+4x=\sqrt{3x^2+2x}+1\)
<=> \(\sqrt{3x^2-2x+1}=\sqrt{3x^2+2x}+1-4x\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{3x^2-2x+1}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{3x^2+2x}+1-4x\right)^2\)
<=> \(3x^2-2x+1=19x^2-8\sqrt{3x^2+2x}.x-6x+2\sqrt{3x^2+2x}+1\)
<=> \(-16x^2+8\sqrt{3x^2+2x}.x+4x-2\sqrt{3x^2+2x}=0\)
<=> \(-2\left(4x-1\right)\left(2x-\sqrt{3x^2+2x}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{4}\\x=0\\x=2\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{4}\\x=0\end{cases}}\) (vì k có ngoặc vuông 3 nên mình dùng tạm ngoặc nhọn, thông cảm)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{4}\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
b) \(\sqrt{x^2+x-2}+x^2=\sqrt{2\left(x-1\right)}+1\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x^2+x-2}=\sqrt{2\left(x-1\right)}+1-x^2\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{x^2+x-2}\right)^2=\left[\sqrt{2\left(x-1\right)}+1-x^2\right]^2\)
<=> \(x^2+x-2=x^4-2\sqrt{2}.x^2.\sqrt{x-1}-2x^2+2x+2\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{x-2}-1\)
<=> \(x^4-2\sqrt{2}.x^2.\sqrt{x-1}-2x^2+2x+2\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{x-1}-1=x^2+x-2\)
<=> \(-2\sqrt{2}.x^2.\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{x-1}-1=-x^4+3x^2-x-2\)
<=> \(-2\sqrt{2}.x^2.\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{x-1}=-x^4+3x^2-x-1\)
<=> \(-2\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{x-1}.\left(x^2+1\right)=-x^4+3x^2-x-1\)
<=> \(\left[-2\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{x-1}\left(x^2+1\right)\right]^2=\left(-x^4+3x^2-x-1\right)^2\)
<=> \(8x^5-8x^4-16x^3+16x^2+8x-8=x^8-6x^6+2x^5+11x^4-6x^3-5x^2+2x+1\)
<=> x = 1
d) mình làm tắt cho nhanh
d) \(\left(\sqrt{4+x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{1-x}+1\right)=2x\)
<=> \(\sqrt{4+x}.\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{4+x}-\sqrt{x-1}-1=2x\)
<=> \(\sqrt{4+x}.\sqrt{1-x}+\sqrt{4+x}-\sqrt{1-x}=2x+1\)
<=> \(\sqrt{4+x}.\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{4+x}=2x+1+\sqrt{x-1}\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{4+x}.\sqrt{1-x}+\sqrt{4+x}\right)^2=\left(2x+1+\sqrt{1-x}\right)^2\)
<=> \(2\sqrt{-x+1}.\left(x+4\right)=5x^2+4x\sqrt{-x+1}+5x+2\sqrt{-x+1}-6\)
<=> \(\frac{2\sqrt{-x+1}.\left(x+4\right)}{2\left(x+4\right)}=\frac{5x^2}{2\left(x+4\right)}+\frac{4x\sqrt{-x+1}}{2\left(x+4\right)}+\frac{5x}{2\left(x+4\right)}+\frac{2\sqrt{-2x+1}}{2\left(x+4\right)}-\frac{6}{2\left(x+4\right)}\)
<=> \(\sqrt{-x+1}=\frac{5x^2+4x\sqrt{-x+1}+5x+2\sqrt{-x+1}-6}{2\left(4+x\right)}\)
<=> \(2\sqrt{-x+1}.\left(4+x\right)=5x^2+4x\sqrt{-x+1}+5x+2\sqrt{-x+1}-6\)
<=> \(-2x\sqrt{-x+1}+6\sqrt{-x+1}=5x^2+5x-6\)
<=> \(\frac{2\sqrt{-x+1}.\left(-x+3\right)}{2\left(-x+3\right)}=\frac{5x^2}{2\left(-x+3\right)}+\frac{5x}{2\left(-x+3\right)}-\frac{6}{2\left(-x+3\right)}\)
<=> \(\sqrt{-x+1}=\frac{5x^2+5x-6}{2\left(x-3\right)}\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{-x+1}\right)^2=\left[\frac{5x^2+5x-6}{2\left(3-x\right)}\right]^2\)
<=> \(-x+1=\frac{25x^4+50x^3-35x^2-60x+36}{36-24+4x}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=\frac{21}{25}\\x=-3\end{cases}}\)=> x = 21/25 (lý do dùng ngoặc nhọn như lý do mình ghi ở trên =))) )
=> x = 21/25
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}=2\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+1=2\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}=3\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2=3\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=5\Leftrightarrow x=25\)
\(\sqrt{x-2\sqrt{x-1}}=\sqrt{x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+1}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}=\sqrt{x-1}-1=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=10\)
ĐKXĐ tự tìm\(b,\sqrt{x-4\sqrt{x}+4}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=5^2=25\)