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Ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,025.0,02=0,0005\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,025.0,05=0,00125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}+n_{NaOH}=0,00225\left(mol\right)\)
\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}=0,00225\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi: VX = x (l)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,1x\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CH_3COOH}=0,2x\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H^+}=n_{HCl}+n_{CH_3COOH}=0,1x+0,2x=0,00225\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0,0075\left(l\right)=7,5\left(ml\right)\)
a)PTHH:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
nHCl = 0,04 (mol) = nNaOH = nNaCl
=>VddNaOH = 0,04/0,1 = 0,4 (l) = 400 (ml)
Vdd = VddNaOH + VddHCl = 0,6 (l)
=>C(M) ≈ 0,067 (M)
b) 2HCl + Ca(OH)2 → CaCl2 + 2H2O
nCa(OH)2 = nCaCl2 = (1/2)nHCl = 0,02 (mol)
(Nồng độ phần trăm = 25% ????)
mCa(OH)2 = 1,48 (g)
=>mdd(Ca(OH)2) = 5,92 (g)
mddHCl = 220 (g)
=>mdd = 225,92 (g)
mCaCl2 = 2,22 (g)
=>%mCaCl2 ≈ 0,98%
Theo đề bài ta có : nHCl = 0,2.0,2=0,04(mol)
a) Ta có PTHH :
\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H2O\)
0,04mol.....0,04mol....0,04mol
Ta có :
\(V_{\text{dd}HCl\left(c\text{ần}-d\text{ùng}\right)}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,1}=0,4\left(lit\right)=400\left(ml\right)\)
CMNaCl = \(\dfrac{0,04}{0,2}=0,2\left(M\right)\)
b) Theo đề bài ta có : mddHCl=\(200.1=200\left(g\right)\)
Ta có PTHH :
\(Ca\left(OH\right)2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl2+2H2O\)
0,02mol...........0,04mol....0,02mol
Ta có :
\(m\text{dd}Ca\left(OH\right)2\left(c\text{ần}-d\text{ùng}\right)=\dfrac{0,02.74}{5}.100=29,6\left(g\right)\)
C%CaCl2 = \(\dfrac{0,02.111}{0,02.74+200}.100\%\approx1,102\%\)
Vậy..............
+nHCl=0.2*0.4=0.08(mol)
=>nH{+}=0.08(mol)
+nHNO3=0.1*0.4=0.04(mol)
=>nH{+}=0.04(mol)
+nH2SO4=0.15*0.4=0.06(mol)=nSO4{2-}
=>nH{+}=0.06*2=0.12(mol)
=>nH{+}(tổng)=0.08+0.04+0.12=0.24(mol)
+nNaOH=0.2*10^-3V(mol)
=>nOH{-}=2*10^-4V(mol)
+nBa(OH)2=0.05*10^-3V(mol)=nBa{2+}
=>nOH{-}=2*5*10^-5V=10^-4V(mol)
=>nOH{-}(tổng)=2*10^-4V+10^-4V=3*10^-4...
_Sau phản ứng thu được dung dịch có pH=13=>môi trường có tính bazơ.
=>pOH=14-13=1=>[OH-] dư=10^-1(M)
=>nOH{-} dư=10^-1*(0.4+10^-3V)(mol)
H{+}+OH{-}=>H2O
0.24->3*10^-4V...(mol)
0.24->0.24...........(mol)
0------>3*10^-4V-0.24.(mol)
=>3*10^-4V-0.24=0.04+10^-4V
<=>2*10^-4V=0.28
<=>V=1400(ml)
Vậy cần V=1400 ml
_Sau phản ứng kết tủa tạo thành là BaSO4:
+nBa{2+}=5*10^-5*(1400)=0.07(mol)
+nSO4{2-}=0.06(mol)
Ba{2+}+SO4{2-}=>BaSO4
0.07>0.06----------->0.06(mol)
=>mBaSO4=0.06*233=13.98(g)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.0,4=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Ca(OH)2 + 2CH3COOH --> (CH3COO)2Ca + 2H2O
0,08---->0,16
=> \(C_{M\left(A\right)}=\dfrac{0,16}{0,3}=\dfrac{8}{15}M\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}0,4.0,2=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CH3COOH + Ca(OH)2 ---> (CH3COO)2Ca + 2H2O
0,016<-------------0,08
\(\rightarrow C_{M\left(A\right)}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,3}=0,533M\)
\(n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg}=\dfrac{0,71}{142}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CH3COOH + Mg ---> (CH3COO)2Mg + H2
0,01<----------------------0,005---------->0,005
\(C_{M\left(CH_3COOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,025}=4M\)
PTHH: CH3COOH + NaOH ---> CH3COONa + H2O
0,005--------->0,005
\(V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,005}{0,75}=\dfrac{1}{150}M\\ V_{H_2}=0,005.22,4=0,0112\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
Pt: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
0,04mol <---0,04mol
\(V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,1}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\)
b) Pt: \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)
0,02mol<--- 0,04mol
\(m_{dd_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,02.74.100}{6}=24,67\left(g\right)\)