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Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{KOH}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{14,5}{58}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
2NaOH + MgSO4 ---> Mg(OH)2 + Na2SO4
a -----------------------------> 0,5a
2KOH + MgSO4 ---> Mg(OH)2 + K2SO4
b -------------------------------> 0,5b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40a+56b=24,8\\0,5a+0,5b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\b=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\\m_{KOH}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{24,8}=32,26\%\\\%m_{KOH}=100\%-32,26\%=67,74\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
2NaOH+MgSO4->Mg(OH)2+Na2SO4
x-----------------------------1\2x
2KOH+MgSO4->K2SO4+Mg(OH)2
y--------------------------------------1\2y
=> ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40x+56y=24,8\\0,5x+0,5y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
%mNaOH=\(\dfrac{0,2.40}{24,8}100\)=32,25%
=>%m KOH=67,75%
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=\dfrac{40.9}{100}=3,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=9-3,6=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,15 ------------------------> 0,15
2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2 ---------------------------> 0,3
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=\left(0,15+0,3\right).22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{6,48}{18}=0,36\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: FexOy + yH2 --to--> xFe + yH2O
Theo pthh: \(n_{O\left(oxit\right)}=n_{H_2\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2O}=0,36\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{oxit}=15,12+16.0,36=20,88\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{15,12}{56}=0,27\left(mol\right)\)
CTHH: FexOy
=> x : y = 0,27 : 0,36 = 3 : 4
=> CTHH: Fe3O4 (oxit sắt từ)
mMg = 40%x9 = 3,6(g) =>nMg=3,6:24 = 0,15 (mol)
=> mAl = 9-3,6 = 5,4(g) => nAl = 5,4:27 = 0,2 (mol)
pthh : 2Al+6HCl -> 2AlCl3+3H2
0,2 0,3
Mg+2HCl -> MgCl2 +H2
0,15 0,15
=> nH2 = 0,15 + 0,3 = 0,45 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08 (L)
mH2 = 0,45 . 2 = 0,9 (mol)
áp dụng BLBTKL ta có :
mH2 + moxit sắt = mFe + mH2O
=> moxit sắt = 20,7 (g)
\(n_{BaCO_3}=\dfrac{19.7}{197}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0.15\cdot1=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{MgCO_3}=a\left(mol\right),n_{CaCO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_A=84a+100b=18.4\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{CO_2}=a+b\left(mol\right)\)
TH1 : Không tạo muối axit , Ba(OH)2 dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=n_{BaCO_3}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0.1\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=-0.525,b=0.625\left(L\right)\)
TH2 : Phản ứng tạo hai muối vừa đủ
\(n_{CO_2}=0.1+\left(0.15-0.1\right)\cdot2=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0.1\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(3\right):a=b=0.1\)
\(\%MgCO_3=\dfrac{8.4}{18.4}\cdot100\%=45.65\%\)
\(\%CaCO_3=54.35\%\)
Gọi số mol FeO, Fe2O3 trong mỗi phần là a, b (mol)
=> 72a + 160b = 39,2
P1:
PTHH: FeO + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2O
a---------------->a
Fe2O3 + 3HCl --> 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
b-------------------->2b
=> 127a + 325b = 77,7
=> a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,2 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{77,7}.100\%=16,345\%\\\%m_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,4.162,5}{77,7}.100\%=83,655\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
P2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}FeO:0,1\left(mol\right)\\Fe_2O_3:0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Muối khan gồm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe^{3+}:0,4\left(mol\right)\\Fe^{2+}:0,1\left(mol\right)\\Cl^-:x\left(mol\right)\\SO_4^{2-}:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn điện tích => x + 2y = 1,4
mmuối = (0,4 + 0,1).56 + 35,5x + 96y = 83,95
=> 35,5x + 96y = 55,95
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,9\\y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,5}=1,8M\\C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,5}=0,5M\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,m_{P1}=m_{P2}=\dfrac{78,4}{2}=39,2\left(g\right)\\ Đặt:n_{FeO\left(tổng\right)}=2a\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3\left(tổng\right)}=2b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ -Xét.phần.1:\\ PTHH:FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}72a+160b=39,2\\127a+162,5.2.b=77,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%m_{FeO}=\dfrac{0,1.72}{0,1.72+0,2.160}.100\approx18,367\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}\approx81,633\%\\ \)
\(b,-Xét.phần.2:m_{muối}=m_{Fe}+m_{Cl^-}+m_{SO^{2-}_4}\left(1\right)\\ Đặt:r=n_{HCl}\left(mol\right);s=n_{H_2SO_4}\left(mol\right)\left(r,s>0\right)\\ \left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow56.\left(0,1+0,2.2\right)+35,5r+96s=83,95\\ \Leftrightarrow35,5r+96s=55,95\left(2\right)\\ Mặt.khác,BTĐT:n_{Cl^-}+2.n_{SO^{2-}_4}=2.n_{Fe^{2+}}+3.n_{Fe^{3+}}\\ \Leftrightarrow r+2s=2.0,1+3.0,2.2\\ \Leftrightarrow r+s=1,4\left(3\right)\\ \left(2\right),\left(3\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}r+2s=1,4\\35,5r+96s=55,95\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}r=0,9\\s=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{r}{0,5}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,5}=1,8\left(M\right)\\ C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{s}{0,5}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,5}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot24}{16}=75\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=25\%\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=\dfrac{16\cdot25\%}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{MgO}=1,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2\cdot36,5}{20\%}=219\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,5\cdot2=1\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,6\cdot95=57\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{hhA}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=234\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{57}{234}\cdot100\%\approx24,36\%\)
Cho mình hỏi ở cái PTHH ấy! sao ta không tính số mol ở dưới??
1 ) CAO +H2O => CA(OH)2 (1)
2K + 2H2O => 2KOH + H2(2)
n (H2) =1,12/22,4 =0,05
theo ptpư 2 : n(K) = 2n (h2) =2.0.05=0,1(mol)
=> m (K) =39.0,1=3,9 (g)
% K= 3,9/9,5 .100% =41,05%
%ca =100%-41,05%=58,95%
xo + 2hcl =>xcl2 +h2o
10,4/X+16 15,9/x+71
=> giải ra tìm đc X bằng bao nhiêu thì ra
Tham khảo:))
hết chuyện làm hã em?:))