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\(x\left(x-z\right)+y\left(y-z\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2+y^2=z\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\frac{x^3}{z^2+x^2}=x-\frac{z^2x}{z^2+x^2}\ge x-\frac{z^2x}{2zx}=x-\frac{z}{2}\)
\(\frac{y^3}{y^2+z^2}=y-\frac{yz^2}{y^2+z^2}\ge y-\frac{yz^2}{2yz}=y-\frac{z}{2}\)
\(\frac{x^2+y^2+4}{x+y}=\frac{z\left(x+y\right)+4}{x+y}=z-x-y+\frac{4}{x+y}+x+y\ge z-x-y+4\)
Cộng lại ra minP=4, dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
\(\frac{x+1}{1+y^2}=\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)-y^2\left(x+1\right)}{1+y^2}=x+1-\frac{y^2\left(x+1\right)}{1+y^2}\ge x+1-\frac{xy+y}{2}\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{y+1}{z^2+1}\ge y+1-\frac{yz+z}{2}\)
\(\frac{z+1}{1+x^2}\ge z+1-\frac{zx+x}{2}\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta có:
\(Q\ge3+\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{x+y+z+xy+yz+zx}{2}\)
\(=3+\frac{x+y+z-xy-yz-zx}{2}\)
Có BĐT phụ sau:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) ( tự cm )
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}=3\)
Khi đó \(P\ge3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(x=y=z=1\)
\(Q=\frac{x}{1+y^2}+\frac{y}{1+z^2}+\frac{z}{1+x^2}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}+\frac{1}{1+z^2}+\frac{1}{1+x^2}\)
Ta có \(\frac{x}{1+y^2}=\frac{x\left(1+y^2\right)-xy^2}{1+y^2}=x-\frac{xy^2}{1+y^2}\ge x-\frac{xy^2}{2y}=x-\frac{xy}{2}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{y}{1+z^2}\ge y-\frac{yz}{2}\)
\(\frac{z}{1+x^2}\ge z-\frac{zx}{2}\)
Lại có \(\frac{1}{1+y^2}=\frac{y^2+1-y^2}{1+y^2}=1-\frac{y^2}{1+y^2}\ge1-\frac{y^2}{2y}=1-\frac{y}{2}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{1+x^2}\ge1-\frac{x}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+z^2}\ge1-\frac{z}{2}\)
Cộng từng vế các bđt trên ta được
\(Q\ge\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}+3-\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)\(=\frac{9}{2}-\frac{3}{2}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
Ta có: \(\frac{x+1}{y^2+1}=\left(x+1\right).\frac{1}{y^2+1}=\left(x+1\right)\left(1-\frac{y^2}{y^2+1}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(x+1\right)\left(1-\frac{y^2}{2y}\right)=x+1-\frac{y\left(x+1\right)}{2}\)
Thiết lập hai BĐT còn lại tương tự và cộng theo vế:
\(P\ge\left(x+y+z+3\right)-\frac{x\left(z+1\right)+y\left(x+1\right)+z\left(y+1\right)}{2}\)
\(=6-\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\left(x+y+z\right)}{2}\) (*)
Lại có BĐT \(ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)
Thật vậy,ta có: BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\ge3ab+3bc+3ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Thay vào (*),ta có: \(P\ge6-\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\left(x+y+z\right)}{2}\)
\(\ge6-\frac{\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+3}{2}=6-\frac{3+3}{2}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x^2=y^2=z^2=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=3\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
\(2.\) Bạn nghiêm túc gửi câu hỏi nhé!. Mình có lời giải rồi
Ta có: \(2x^3+2y^3-\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^3+y^3}{x^2+y^2}\ge\dfrac{x+y}{2}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{y^3+z^3}{y^2+z^2}\ge\dfrac{y+z}{2}\) ; \(\dfrac{z^3+x^3}{z^2+x^2}\ge\dfrac{z+x}{2}\)
Cộng vế: \(P\ge x+y+z\ge6\)
\(P_{min}=6\) khi \(x=y=z=2\)
2. \(P=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{x+z}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\) (BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(\dfrac{x}{y+z}=\dfrac{y}{z+x}=\dfrac{z}{x+y}\Rightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
1, đặt \(x^2+x=t\)
=>\(A=t\left(t-4\right)=t^2-4t=t^2-4t+4-4\)
\(=>A=\left(t-2\right)^2-4\ge-4\) dấu"=' xảy ra\(t=2\)
\(=>x^2+x=2< =>x^2+x-2=0\)
\(< =>x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{9}{4}=0\)
\(< =>\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2=0< =>\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(=>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy Amin=-4<=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
B2
\(=>P=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y+z}{4}+\dfrac{y^2}{x+z}+\dfrac{x+z}{4}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}+\dfrac{x+y}{4}\)
\(-\left(\dfrac{y+z+x+z+x+y}{4}\right)\)
áp dụng BDT AM-GM
\(=>\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y+z}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2}{4}}=x^{ }\left(1\right)\)
\(\)tương tự \(=>\dfrac{y^2}{x+z}+\dfrac{x+z}{4}\ge y\left(2\right)\)
\(=>\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}+\dfrac{x+y}{4}\ge z\left(3\right)\)
(1)(2)(3) \(=>P\ge x+y+z-\dfrac{1}{2}.x+y+z=1-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=y=z=1/3