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\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2M + Cl2 --to--> 2MCl
________0,075---->0,15
=> \(M_{MCl}=\dfrac{11,175}{0,15}=74,5\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> MM = 39 (K)
\(n_M=\dfrac{1,6}{M_M}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: M + Cl2 --to--> MCl2
____\(\dfrac{1,6}{M_M}\)----------->\(\dfrac{1,6}{M_M}\)
=> \(\dfrac{1,6}{M_M}\left(M_M+71\right)=4,44=>M_M=40\left(Ca\right)\)
\(n_{Ca}=\dfrac{1,6}{40}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Ca + Cl2 --to--> CaCl2
_____0,04->0,04
=> VCl2 = 0,04.22,4 = 0,896(l)
a)
\(n_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4}\ =0,3(mol)\)
mmuối= mkim loại + mCl2 = 8,3 + 0,3.71 = 29,6(gam)
b)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al:x\left(mol\right)\\Fe:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒27x + 56y = 8,3(1)
\(2Al + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2AlCl_3\\ 2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3\)
Suy ra : 1,5x + 1,5y = 0,3(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : x = 0,1 ; y = 0,1
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,1.27}{8,3}.100\% = 32,53\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 32,53\% = 67,47\%\)
\(Đặt:n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=27x+56y=8.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2AlCl_3\)
\(2Fe+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2FeCl_3\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=1.5x+1.5y=0.3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):x=y=0.1\)
\(m_{Muối}=m_{AlCl_3}+m_{FeCl_3}=0.1\cdot133.5+0.1\cdot162.5=29.6\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Al=\dfrac{2.7}{8.3}\cdot100\%=32.53\%\)
\(\%Fe=100-32.53=67.47\%\)
Gọi kim loại cần tìm là A
a) PTHH: \(A+H_2O\rightarrow AOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)
\(AOH+HCl\rightarrow ACl+H_2O\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_A=0,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{7,8}{0,2}=39\) \(\Rightarrow\) Kim loại cần tìm là Kali
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KCl}=0,2mol\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=0,2mol\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,2\cdot20\%=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{KCl}=0,2\cdot74,5=14,9\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,04\cdot36,5=1,46\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=2\cdot0,1=0,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_K+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=7,8+\dfrac{0,24\cdot36,5}{10\%}-0,2=95,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{14,9}{95,2}\cdot100\%\approx15,65\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1,46}{95,2}\cdot100\%\approx1,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt kim loại A có hóa trị x (x:nguyên, dương)
\(2A+xCl_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}2ACl_x\\ m_{Cl_2}=32,5-11,2=21,3\left(g\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{21,3}{71}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_A=\dfrac{0,3.2}{x}=\dfrac{0,6}{x}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{11,2}{\dfrac{0,6}{x}}=\dfrac{56}{3}x\\ \Rightarrow Nhận:x=3\Rightarrow M_A=56\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A:Sắt\left(Fe=56\right)\)