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1)
$MgO + 2HCl to MgCl_2 + H_2O$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
2)
$n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Mg} = 0,1.24 = 2,4(gam)$
$m_{MgO} = 4,4 - 2,4 = 2(gam)$
3)
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Mg} + 2n_{MgO} = 0,1.2 + \dfrac{2}{40}.2 = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{2} = 0,15(lít) = 150(ml)$
a) PTHH: 2Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2
x___________3x______________1,5x(mol)
Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
y___2y____y______y(mol)
b) Ta có: m(rắn)= mCu=0,4(g)
=> m(Al, Fe)=1,5-mCu=1,5-0,4=1,1(g)
nH2= 0,04(mol)
Ta lập hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=1,1\\1,5x+y=0,04\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mAl=27.0,02=0,54(g)
mFe=56.0,01=0,56(g)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2 (1)
MgO + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2O (2)
Theo PT(1): \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Mg}=0,05.24=1,2\left(g\right)\)
=> \(\%_{m_{Mg}}=\dfrac{1,2}{9,2}.100\%=13,04\%\)
\(\%_{m_{MgO}}=100\%-13,04\%=86,96\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a.
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b.
\(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right),m_{CuO}=12-2,4=9,6\left(g\right)\)
c.
\(m_{muối}=m_{CuCl_2}+m_{MgCl_2}=0,12.135+95.0,1=25,7\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.05..............................0.05\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.05\cdot24=1.2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgO}=9.5-1.2=8.3\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Mg=\dfrac{1.2}{9.5}\cdot100\%=12.63\%\)
\(\%MgO=100-12.63=87.36\%\)
nCaCO3 = 0,1 mol
nH2 = 0,125 mol
Pt: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
.....0,125 mol<----------------0,125 mol
.....MgCO3 + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2O + CO2
.....0,1 mol<----------------------------------0,1 mol
......CO2 + Ca(OH)2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
....0,1 mol<---------------0,1 mol
mA = 0,125 . 24 + 0,1 . 84 = 11,4 (g)
% mMg = \(\dfrac{0,125\times4}{11,4}.100\%=26,3\%\)
% mMgCO3 = \(\dfrac{0,1\times84}{11,4}.100\%=73,7\%\)
\(n_{khí}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{K_2SO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=100a+158b=70.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(K_2SO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+SO_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{khí}=a+b=0.5\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.15,b=0.35\)
\(m_{Muối}=m_{CaCl_2}+m_{KCl}=0.15\cdot111+0.35\cdot2\cdot74.5=68.8\left(g\right)\)
1.
nCO2 = 0,15 mol
CaCO3 + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
\(\Rightarrow\) %CaCO3 = \(\dfrac{0,15.100.100}{20}\)= 75%
\(\Rightarrow\) %CaSO4 = 100% - 75% = 25%
2.
- Khí không màu là H2
nH2 = 0,03 mol
nCaCO3 = 0,01 mol
CaCO3 + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O (1)
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 \(\rightarrow\) CaCO3 + H2O (2)
Từ (1)(2)
\(\Rightarrow\) %CaCO3 = \(\dfrac{0,01.100.100}{10}\) = 10%
2Al + 6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl3 + 3H2 (3)
CuO + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) CuCl2 + H2O (4)
Từ (3)
\(\Rightarrow\) %Al = \(\dfrac{0,02.27.100}{10}\) = 5,4%
\(\Rightarrow\) %CuO = 100% - ( 10% + 5,4% ) = 84,6%