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Marriage is an ancient religious and legal practice celebrated around the world. However, wedding customs vary from country to country.
The Wedding Dress: In many countries, it is customary for the bride to wear a white dress as a symbol of purity. The tradition of wearing a special white dress only for the wedding ceremony started around 150 years ago. Before that, most women could not afford to buy a dress that they would only wear once. Now, bridal dresses can be bought in a variety of styles. In some Asian countries and in the Middle East, colors of joy and happiness like red or orange other than white are worn by the bride or used as part of the wedding ceremony,
The Wedding Rings: In many cultures, couples exchange rings, usually made of golf or silver and worn on the third finger of the left or right hand, during the marriage ceremony. The circular shape of the ring is symbolic of the couple's eternal union. In Brazil, it is traditional to have the rings engraved with the bride's name on the groom’s ring, an vice versa.
Flowers: Flowers play an important role in most weddings. Roses are said to be the flowers of love, and because they usually bloom in June, this has become the most popular month for weddings in many countries. After the wedding ceremony, in many countries the bride throws her bouquet into a crowd of well-wishers – usually her single female friends. The person who catches this bouquet will be the next one to marry.
Gifts: In Chinese cultures, w edding guests give gifts of money to the newly-weds in small red envelopes. Money is also an appropriate gift at Korean and Japanese wedding. In many Western countries, for example in the U.K, wedding guests give the bride and groom household items that they may need for their new home. In Russia, rather than receiving gifts, the bride and groom provide gifts to their guests instead.
With the continued internationalization of the modern world, wedding customs that originated in one part of the world are crossing national boundaries and have been incorporated into marriage ceremonies in other countries.
111. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. Wedding ceremoniesB. Wedding customsC. Wedding dayD. Wedding history
112. The tradition of wearing a special dress only on one’s wedding day is ____.
A. about 150 years agoB. over a century ago
C. less than 100 years agoD. less than 200 years ago
113. In some cultures, the bride wears a white dress as a traditional symbol of ____.
A. modestyB. secrecyC. purityD. security
114. In some Asian and Middle Eastern.countries, which colour is NOT considered to be suitable for a wedding?
A. redB. orangeC. whiteD. blue
115. The phrase “eternal union" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to____.
A. never-ending relationshipB. lovely relationship
C. temporary relationshipD. healthy relationship
116. The word “this" in paragraph 4 refers to which of the following?
A. roleB. loveC. JuneD. rose
117. According to the passage, in which country would the wedding guests give the bride and groom money as a present?
A. BrazilB. the U.KC. ChinaD. Russia
118. Which of the following information is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Nowadays, every bride can afford to buy a wedding dress to wear only once.
B. It is believed that any person who catches the bride’s bouquet will be the next to marry.
C . It is customary to write the groom's name on the bride’s wedding ring.
D. Thanks to globalization, one country’s wedding customs may be added to other countries’.
Câu 1: It was raining heavily. However, we went to work on time.
A. Despite it was raining heavily, we went to work on time.
B. In spite of the heavy rain, but we went to work on time.
C. Although the heavy rain, we went to work on time.
D. Despite the heavy rain, we went to work on time.
Câu 2: Mary lost the ticket. She didn’t go to the concert.
A. If Mary hadn’t lost the ticket, she would go to the concert.
B. Hadn’t Mary lost the ticket, she would have gone to the concert.
C. Had Mary not lost the ticket, she would have gone to the concert.
D. If Mary had lost the ticket, she would have gone to the concert.
Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct completion.
Last year I went to Nepal for three months to work in a hospital. When the hospital let me have a few days' holiday, I decided to go into the jungle and I asked a Nepalese guide, Kamal Rai, to go with me. In the jungle there was a lot of wildlife, but we were trying to find big cats, especially tigers. We climbed onto the elephants' backs to get better view, but it is unusual to find tigers in the afternoon because they sleep in the heat of the day. Then, in the distance, we saw a tiger, and Kamal told me to be very quiet. We crept nearer and found a dead deer still bleeding. This was the tiger's lunch! Suddenly. I started to feel very frightened.
We heard the tiger a second before we saw it. It jumped out like a flash of lightning, five hundred kilos plus and four meters long. I looked into its eyes and face, and saw right down the animal's throat. It grabbed Karnal's leg between its teeth, but I managed to pull Kamal away. One of our elephants ran at the tiger and made it go back into the grass, so we quickly escaped to let the tiger cat its lunch. That night it was impossible to sleep!
Câu 3: The writer went to Nepal ..................................
A. for business B. for holiday C. for treatment D. on a visit
Câu 4: When having a few days off, he decided to go into............
A. the tropical forest B. the mountains C. the seaside D. the remote villages
Câu 5: He wanted to see.....................
A. tigers B. wildcats C. wildlife D. wild animals
Câu 6: He felt very frightened when...............................
A. he found a deer B. he saw a tiger
C. he saw the tiger's lunch D. he crept nearer
Câu 7: The tiger .................................
A. jumped out very fast B. saw them a second before they saw it
C. jumped out of the grass at about four meters. D. was like a flash of light
Câu 8: Kamal made his escape when ...........................
A. the writer pulled him away B. one of the elephants ran at the tiger
C. the tiger went back into the grass D. the tiger ate its lunch
Câu 9: What sentence is not true ?
A. The tiger grabbed writer’s leg between its teeth.
B. The tiger is five hundred kilos in weight and four meters long.
C. It was a Kamal’s frightening trip.
D. The tiger jumped out like a flash of lightning when it saw them.
Câu 3: Did you read ______ news about the Sukhoi Superjet crash in Indonesia?
A. Ø B. the C. a D. an
Câu 4: Cultural diversity makes our country richer by making it a ______ place in which to live.
A. interesting B. as interesting as C. more interesting D. most interesting
Câu 5: Today, Australia is one of ______ diverse countries in the world.
A. more culturally B. the most culturally C. the more culturally D. most culturally
Câu 6: Women are more likely to be victims of ______ violence.
A. family B. household C. home D. domestic
Câu 7: I want to ______ a table at the Bamboo Restaurant.
A. maintain B. reserve C. allow D. manage
Câu 8: True gender equality ______ when both men and women reach a balance between work and family.
A. can achieve B. might achieve C. can be achieved D. might be achieved
Câu 9: Her boss fired her, ______ made her angry.
A. this B. which C. who D. that
Câu 10: YouTube ______ to become the world’s most popular video-sharing website since 2005.
A. have grown B. grew C. has grown D. grows
Câu 11: My brother would download more films if he ______ a fast computer.
A. has had B. have C. has D. had
Câu 12: Science teachers ______ use the 3D projectors and other electronic devices can easily illustrate the lessons.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. what
Câu 13: The cocoons of silkworms were first used ______ silk by the Chinese.
A. to make B. to be made C. for make D. to making
Câu 14: Water is ______ of two elements: hydrogen and oxygen.
A. comprising B. making C. composed D. consisted
Câu 3: Did you read ______ news about the Sukhoi Superjet crash in Indonesia?
A. Ø B. the C. a D. an
Câu 4: Cultural diversity makes our country richer by making it a ______ place in which to live.
A. interesting B. as interesting as C. more interesting D. most interesting
Câu 5: Today, Australia is one of ______ diverse countries in the world.
A. more culturally B. the most culturally C. the more culturally D. most culturally
Câu 6: Women are more likely to be victims of ______ violence.
A. family B. household C. home D. domestic
Câu 7: I want to ______ a table at the Bamboo Restaurant.
A. maintain B. reserve C. allow D. manage
Câu 8: True gender equality ______ when both men and women reach a balance between work and family.
A. can achieve B. might achieve C. can be achieved D. might be achieved
Câu 9: Her boss fired her, ______ made her angry.
A. this B. which C. who D. that
Câu 10: YouTube ______ to become the world’s most popular video-sharing website since 2005.
A. have grown B. grew C. has grown D. grows
Câu 11: My brother would download more films if he ______ a fast computer.
A. has had B. have C. has D. had
Câu 12: Science teachers ______ use the 3D projectors and other electronic devices can easily illustrate the lessons.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. what
Câu 13: The cocoons of silkworms were first used ______ silk by the Chinese.
A. to make B. to be made C. for make D. to making
Câu 14: Water is ______ of two elements: hydrogen and oxygen.
A. comprising B. making C. composed D. consisted
TEST 1
I/ CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER
1/ the last time I ..... in Athens, the weather was hot and humid
a. had been b. was c. am d. will have been
2. since i left my hometown, i .... to visit my friends and family several times
a. had returned b. have returned c. returned d. will have returned
1. haft the world's rain forests have already been ....
a/ endangered b. eroded c. found d. destroyed
2/ try to eliminate fatty foods from your diet
a. limit b. get rid of c. move d. add
3. acid rain has caused severe... on the hillside
a. erosion b. pollution c. destruction d. floods
5. this channel allows rainwater to run off
a. keep inside b. move around c. flow into d. flow out of
6. scientists are nơ researching new meansures to prevent... levels from rising
a/ pollute b. polluted c. polluting d. pollution
7. this park is the orphanage where lots of orphaned and abandoned animals are taken care of
a. looked after b. involved in c. dealt with d. moved in
8. new laws have been passed to ... wildlife in this area
a. establish b. conserve c. produce d. endanger
9. they were seeking a solution to the ... of the rain forests
a. destroy b. destroying c. destroyer d. destruction
10........ ken didn't have a ticket he was allowed to come in
a. although b.because of c. because d. in spite of
11. most most species in this forest are threatended with .....
a. appearance b. protection c. extinction d. destruction
12. we really ought to make a start on campaigns to ... our polluted rivers and seas
a. clean up b. clear away c. wipe out d. tidy up
15. the turtle has a long life.....
a. age b. span c. expectancy d. b and C
16. thy water is so contaminated that it is not suitable for drinking
a. toxic b. salty c. dangerous d. polluted
17. without plants, water would... .... as soon as it falls
a. run out b. run off c. run of d. run away
20. he's really delighted with his new CD player
a. pleased b. angry c. entertained d. annoyed
21. will you see tom at lunch today ? i'd like you to give him a message. i'm not going to lunch, but if i ..... him later, I.......him your message
a. should see/ will see b. see/give c. saw/ would d. could see/ will give
22, " john moved the big table alone" did he ? if he ..... me , I .... him
a. asked/ would help b. asked/ might have helped c. had asked/ could help
d. had asked / would have helped
23. what a beautiful dress you're wearing
- thank you, it.... especially for me by a French tailor
a. makes b. has made c. made d. was made
24. last night a tornado swept through Rockville. It..... everything in its path
a. was destroy b. was being destroyed c. destroyed d. had been destroyed
25. in some areas water...... from the ground faster than nature can replenish the supply
a. is being taken b. has been taking c. is taking d. has taken
26. an announcement about the eight o'clock flight to Chicago.......
a. has been already made b. has already made c. has already been made d. already made
27. .......during the storm
a. they were collapsed the fence b. the fence was collapsed c. they collapsed the fence d. the fence collapsed
28. the new computer system.........next month
a. is being install by people b. is be installed
c. will be installed d. is been installed
29. today many serious childhood diseases.....by early immuization
a. are preventing b. can prevent c. prevent d. can be prevented
30. it would have been a much more serious accident ..... fast at the time
a. was she driving b. she had driven c. had she been driving d. if she drove
31. we can't go along here because the road.........
a. is repairing b. is being repaired c. have been repaired d. has repaired
TEST 1
I/ CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER
1/ the last time I ..... in Athens, the weather was hot and humid
a. had been b. was c. am d. will have been
2. since i left my hometown, i .... to visit my friends and family several times
a. had returned b. have returned c. returned d. will have returned
1. haft the world's rain forests have already been ....
a/ endangered b. eroded c. found d. destroyed
2/ try to eliminate fatty foods from your diet
a. limit b. get rid of c. move d. add
3. acid rain has caused severe... on the hillside
a. erosion b. pollution c. destruction d. floods
5. this channel allows rainwater to run off
a. keep inside b. move around c. flow into d. flow out of
6. scientists are nơ researching new meansures to prevent... levels from rising
a/ pollute b. polluted c. polluting d. pollution
7. this park is the orphanage where lots of orphaned and abandoned animals are taken care of
a. looked after b. involved in c. dealt with d. moved in
8. new laws have been passed to ... wildlife in this area
a. establish b. conserve c. produce d. endanger
9. they were seeking a solution to the ... of the rain forests
a. destroy b. destroying c. destroyer d. destruction
10........ ken didn't have a ticket he was allowed to come in
a. although b.because of c. because d. in spite of
11. most most species in this forest are threatended with .....
a. appearance b. protection c. extinction d. destruction
12. we really ought to make a start on campaigns to ... our polluted rivers and seas
a. clean up b. clear away c. wipe out d. tidy up
15. the turtle has a long life.....
a. age b. span c. expectancy d. b and C
16. thy water is so contaminated that it is not suitable for drinking
a. toxic b. salty c. dangerous d. polluted
17. without plants, water would... .... as soon as it falls
a. run out b. run off c. run of d. run away
20. he's really delighted with his new CD player
a. pleased b. angry c. entertained d. annoyed
21. will you see tom at lunch today ? i'd like you to give him a message. i'm not going to lunch, but if i ..... him later, I.......him your message
a. should see/ will see b. see/give c. saw/ would d. could see/ will give
22, " john moved the big table alone" did he ? if he ..... me , I .... him
a. asked/ would help b. asked/ might have helped c. had asked/ could help
d. had asked / would have helped
23. what a beautiful dress you're wearing
- thank you, it.... especially for me by a French tailor
a. makes b. has made c. made d. was made
24. last night a tornado swept through Rockville. It..... everything in its path
a. was destroy b. was being destroyed c. destroyed d. had been destroyed
25. in some areas water...... from the ground faster than nature can replenish the supply
a. is being taken b. has been taking c. is taking d. has taken
26. an announcement about the eight o'clock flight to Chicago.......
a. has been already made b. has already made c. has already been made d. already made
27. .......during the storm
a. they were collapsed the fence b. the fence was collapsed c. they collapsed the fence d. the fence collapsed
28. the new computer system.........next month
a. is being install by people b. is be installed
c. will be installed d. is been installed
29. today many serious childhood diseases.....by early immuization
a. are preventing b. can prevent c. prevent d. can be prevented
30. it would have been a much more serious accident ..... fast at the time
a. was she driving b. she had driven c. had she been driving d. if she drove
31. we can't go along here because the road.........
a. is repairing b. is being repaired c. have been repaired d. has repaired
II/ rewrite the following sentences
1. pay more attention or you won't understand what these people are saying
-> If you don't pay more attention, you won't understand what these people are saying.
2. i have just read one of my most favourite novels
-> One of my most favourite novels has just been read.
3. Alan's knowledge of art hasn't impressed me
-> I haven't been impressed by Alan's knowledge of art.
4. the pollution in the city was affecting people's breathing
-> People's breathing was being affected by the pollution in the city.
5. they are going to steal your money if you're not careful
-> Your money will be stolen if you're not careful.
7. mary really wants to buy the book, but she doesn't have enough money
-> Were Mary to have enough money, she would buy the book.
8. we believe that he has special knowledge which may be useful to the police
-> He is believed to have special knowladge which may be useful to the police.
-> It is believed that he has a special knowledge which maybe useful to the police.
9. lan is going to take a monthly test next tuesday
-> A monthly test is going to be taken by Lan next Tuesday.
10. my father makes me spell this word properly
-> I am made to spell this word properly by my father.
11. all his friend will see him off at the airport
-> He will be seen off at the airport by all his friends.
12. without helen's help, I couldn't have finished the work on time
-> If helen hadn't helped me, I couldn't have finished the work on time.
-> If it hadn't been for Helen's help, I couldn't have finished the work on time.