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Giải
Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4^2}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};...;\dfrac{1}{20^2}< \dfrac{1}{19.20}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)D < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{19.20}\)
Nhận xét: \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}=1-\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2.3}=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{1}{3.4}=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4};...;\dfrac{1}{19.20}=\dfrac{1}{19}-\dfrac{1}{20}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) D< 1- \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{19}-\dfrac{1}{20}\)
D< 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{20}\)
D< \(\dfrac{19}{20}\)<1
\(\Rightarrow\)D< 1
Vậy D=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^2}\)<1
A=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
A=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2.1}+\dfrac{1}{2^2.2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2.2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2.2^2}\)
A=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{50.50}\right)\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};...;\dfrac{1}{50.50}< \dfrac{1}{49.50}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.50}\right)\)Nhận xét :
\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}< 1-\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2.3}< \dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3};...;\dfrac{1}{49.50}< \dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
A<\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
A<\(\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{49}{50}\)<1
A<\(\dfrac{49}{200}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{5}=\frac{1}{5}\)
\(\frac{1}{14}< \frac{1}{10};\frac{1}{28}< \frac{1}{10}\)
\(\frac{1}{44}< \frac{1}{40};\frac{1}{61}< \frac{1}{40};\frac{1}{85}< \frac{1}{40};\frac{1}{97}< \frac{1}{40}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{28}+\frac{1}{44}+\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{85}+\frac{1}{97}< \frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{10}=\frac{5}{10}=\frac{1}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{28}+\frac{1}{44}+\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{85}+\frac{1}{97}< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{28}+\frac{1}{44}+\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{85}+\frac{1}{97}=0,36833......\)
mà \(\frac{1}{2}=0,5\)
\(0,36833..< 0,5\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{28}+\frac{1}{44}+\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{85}+\frac{1}{97}< \frac{1}{2}\)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{28}+\frac{1}{44}+\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{85}+\frac{1}{97}=A\)
Ta có : \(A=\frac{1}{5}+\left(\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{28}+\frac{1}{44}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{85}+\frac{1}{97}\right)\)
\(A< \frac{1}{5}\left(\frac{1}{14.3}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{61.3}\right)\)
\(A< \frac{1}{5}+\frac{3}{14}+\frac{3}{61}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{5}+\frac{3}{12}+\frac{1}{20}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{2}\left(ĐPM\right)\).
Sai đề. Sửa đề :v
Cmr: \(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{28}+\dfrac{1}{44}+\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{85}+\dfrac{1}{97}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Giải:
Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{28}+\dfrac{1}{44}+\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{85}+\dfrac{1}{97}\)
Ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\left(\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{28}+\dfrac{1}{44}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{85}+\dfrac{1}{97}\right)\)
\(A< \dfrac{1}{5}\left(\dfrac{1}{14.3}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{61.3}\right)\)
\(A< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{14}+\dfrac{3}{61}\)
\(A< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{1}{20}\)
\(A< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{20}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{28}+\dfrac{1}{44}+\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{85}+\dfrac{1}{97}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) \((đpcm)\)
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