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\(a^2+2ab+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(a^2-2ab+b^2=\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(A^{2n}\ge0\forall A\)
\(-A^{2n}\le0\forall A\)
\(\left|A\right|\ge0\forall A\)
\(-\left|A\right|\le0\forall A\)
\(\left|A\right|+\left|B\right|\ge\left|A+B\right|\)
\(\left|A\right|-\left|B\right|\le\left|A-B\right|\)
Câu 1: Thực hiện phép tính :
a) \(2.\left(\dfrac{-2}{3}\right)^2-\dfrac{7}{2}=2.\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{7}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{9}-\dfrac{7}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{16}{18}-\dfrac{63}{18}=\dfrac{-47}{18}\)
\(b,5\dfrac{4}{13}.\dfrac{-3}{4}+3\dfrac{9}{13}.\left(-0,75\right)=\dfrac{69}{13}.\dfrac{-3}{4}+\dfrac{48}{13}.\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{69}{13}+\dfrac{48}{13}\right).\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{117}{13}.\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(=9.\dfrac{-3}{4}=\dfrac{-27}{4}\)
\(c,\left(-1\right)^{2017}+\left|\dfrac{-1}{13}\right|+\sqrt{\dfrac{144}{169}}=-1+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{12}{13}\)
\(=-1+\dfrac{13}{13}\)
\(=-1+1=0\)
Câu 3: Tìm x, biết:
a)\(\dfrac{3}{5}-x=25\)
\(x=\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{125}{5}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-122}{5}\)
b)\(\dfrac{2}{3}\left|x-1\right|+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{5}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{3}\left|x-1\right|=\dfrac{20}{12}-\dfrac{3}{12}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{3}\left|x-1\right|=\dfrac{17}{12}\)
\(\left|x-1\right|=\dfrac{17}{12}:\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\left|x-1\right|=\dfrac{17}{12}.\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\left|x-1\right|=\dfrac{17}{8}\)
Ta có 2 TH: TH1:\(x-1=\dfrac{17}{8}\) TH2:\(x-1=\dfrac{-17}{8}\) \(x=\dfrac{17}{8}+1\) \(x=\dfrac{-17}{8}+1\) \(x=\dfrac{17}{8}+\dfrac{8}{8}=\dfrac{25}{8}\) \(x=\dfrac{-17}{8}+\dfrac{8}{8}=\dfrac{-9}{8}\) Vậy x∈\(\left\{\dfrac{25}{5};\dfrac{-9}{8}\right\}\)
a)\(\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{15}{20}-\dfrac{50}{20}-\dfrac{12}{20}=-\dfrac{47}{20}\)
b) \(\sqrt{7^2}+\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{16}-\dfrac{3}{2}}=7+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{16}}=7+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{29}{4}\)
c) \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{16}+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^0}=\dfrac{1}{2}.10-\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{16}+1}=5-\sqrt{\dfrac{17}{16}}\)
\(a,A=\dfrac{7}{35}+\left(-1\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{12}{7}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{12}{35}\right)-\dfrac{3}{7}\)\(A=\dfrac{7}{35}-\dfrac{7}{4}+\dfrac{12}{7}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{13}{35}-\dfrac{3}{7}\\ A=\left(\dfrac{7}{35}+\dfrac{13}{35}\right)-\left(\dfrac{7}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\dfrac{12}{7}+\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{3}{7}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{4}{7}-\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{11}{7}\\ A=\left(\dfrac{4}{7}+\dfrac{11}{7}\right)-\dfrac{3}{2}\\ A=\dfrac{15}{7}-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{9}{14}\)
2) a) \(\left(x+\dfrac{4}{5}\right)^2=\dfrac{9}{25}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{3}{5}\\x+\dfrac{4}{5}=-\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-1}{5}\\x=\dfrac{-7}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy \(x=\dfrac{-1}{5};x=\dfrac{-7}{5}\)
b) \(\left|x-\dfrac{3}{7}\right|=-2\) vì giá trị đối không âm được nên phương trình này vô nghiệm
c) điều kiện : \(x\ge-7\) \(\sqrt{x+7}-2=4\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+7}=4+2=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+7=6^2=36\Leftrightarrow x=36-7=29\) vậy \(x=29\)
d) \(x^2-\dfrac{7}{9}x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-\dfrac{7}{9}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-\dfrac{7}{9}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{7}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy \(x=0;x=\dfrac{7}{9}\)
1) tìm GTNN
a) \(B=\left|x-2017\right|+\left|x-20\right|\)
B \(\ge\left|x-2017-x+20\right|=\left|-1997\right|=1997\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi và chỉ khi 20 \(\le x\le2017\)
Vậy MinB = 1997 khi 20 \(\le x\le2017\)
b) \(C=\left|x-3\right|+\left|x-5\right|\)
\(C\ge\left|x-3-x+5\right|=\left|2\right|=2\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi 3 \(\le x\le5\)
Vậ MinC = 2 khi và chỉ khi 3 \(\le x\le5\)
c) \(C=\left|x^2+4\right|+3\)
Ta thấy \(x^2+4\ge0\) với mọi x
nên \(\left|x^2+4\right|+3=x^2+4+3=x^2+7\)\(\ge\) 7
Dấu " =" xảy ra khi x = 0
MinC = 7 khi và chỉ khi x = 0
a) \(4.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3-2.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+3.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+1\)
\(=4.\left(-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)-2.\dfrac{1}{4}+3.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+1\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}+1\)
\(=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b) \(8.\sqrt{9}-\sqrt{64}\)
\(=8.3-8\)
\(=24-8\)
\(=16\)
c) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{16}}+\dfrac{25}{46}:\dfrac{5}{23}-\dfrac{7}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{7}{4}\)
\(=-1+\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Bài 3:
a, \(x:\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
\(x:\left(\dfrac{5-3}{15}\right)=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
\(x:\dfrac{2}{15}=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-1}{2}.\dfrac{2}{15}\)
\(x=\dfrac{\left(-1\right).1}{1.15}=\dfrac{-1}{15}\)
b,\(\left|x+1\right|-\dfrac{4}{5}=5\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\left|x+1\right|-\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{26}{5}\)
\(\left|x+1\right|=\dfrac{26+4}{5}=\dfrac{30}{5}=6\)
=> \(x+1=\pm6\), ta có hai trường hợp:
Trường hợp 1:
x + 1 = 6
x = 6 - 1 = 5
Trường hợp 2:
x + 1 = -6
x = (- 6) + (- 1) = -7
Vậy x ∈ {5;-7}
Gọi số học sinh lớp 7A, 7B, 7C lần lượt là: x; y; x, biết x; y; z tỉ lệ với 10; 9; 8, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{10}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{8}\) và x - y = 5
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{10}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{8}=\dfrac{x-y}{10-9}=\dfrac{5}{1}=5\)
Suy ra:
\(\dfrac{x}{10}=5\) => x = 5 . 10 = 50
\(\dfrac{y}{9}=5\) => y = 5 . 9 = 45
\(\dfrac{x}{8}=5\) => x = 5 . 8 = 40
=> x = 50, y = 45, z = 40
Vậy lớp 7A có 50 học sinh;
lớp 7B có 45 học sinh;
lớp 7C có 40 học sinh;
1) Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{2010}=\dfrac{2010}{a}=\dfrac{a+b+c+2010}{b+c+2010+a}=1\)
\(\dfrac{2010}{a}=1\Rightarrow a=2010\);
\(\dfrac{c}{2010}=1\Rightarrow c=2010\);
\(\dfrac{b}{c}=1\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{2010}=1\Rightarrow b=2010\).
Vậy (a, b, c) = (2010; 2010; 2010)
3)
a) \(A=\sqrt{x+24}+\dfrac{4}{7}\)
Có: \(\sqrt{x+24}\ge0\forall x\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+24}+\dfrac{4}{7}\ge\dfrac{4}{7}\forall x\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{4}{7}\forall x\in R\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+24}=0\Rightarrow x+24=0\Rightarrow x=-24\)
Vậy GTNN của \(A=\dfrac{4}{7}\Leftrightarrow x=-24\)
b) \(B=\sqrt{2x+\dfrac{4}{13}}-\dfrac{13}{191}\)
Có: \(\sqrt{2x+\dfrac{4}{13}}\ge0\forall x\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x+\dfrac{4}{13}}-\dfrac{13}{191}\ge-\dfrac{13}{191}\forall x\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge-\dfrac{13}{191}\forall x\in R\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+\dfrac{4}{13}}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+\dfrac{4}{13}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=-\dfrac{4}{13}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{2}{13}\)
Vậy GTNN của \(B=-\dfrac{13}{191}\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{2}{13}\)
4)
a) \(A=-\sqrt{x+\dfrac{5}{41}}+\dfrac{7}{12}\)
Có: \(\sqrt{x+\dfrac{5}{41}}\ge0\forall x\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{x+\dfrac{5}{41}}\le0\forall x\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{x+\dfrac{5}{41}}+\dfrac{7}{12}\le\dfrac{7}{12}\forall x\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\dfrac{7}{12}\forall x\in R\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+\dfrac{5}{41}}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{5}{41}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{41}\)
Vậy GTLN của \(A=\dfrac{7}{12}\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{41}\)
b) \(B=\dfrac{-5}{13}-\sqrt{x-\dfrac{2}{3}}\)
Có: \(\sqrt{x-\dfrac{2}{3}}\ge0\forall x\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{x-\dfrac{2}{3}}\le0\forall x\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{-5}{13}-\sqrt{x-\dfrac{2}{3}}\le\dfrac{-5}{13}\forall x\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow B\le\dfrac{-5}{13}\forall x\in R\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-\dfrac{2}{3}}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\dfrac{2}{3}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Vậy GTLN của \(B=\dfrac{-5}{13}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
làm giup minh bai 2 luon nha