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3/ Ta có:
\(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2=\left(y+z\right)^2;y^2=\left(z+x\right)^2;z^2=\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=-c;b+c=-a;c+a=-b\)
\(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)
Ta có:
\(ax^2+by^2+cz^2=a\left(y+z\right)^2+b\left(z+x\right)^2+c\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=x^2\left(b+c\right)+y^2\left(c+a\right)+z^2\left(a+b\right)+2\left(ayz+bzx+cxy\right)\)
\(=-ax^2-by^2-cz^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ax^2+by^2+cz^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ax^2+by^2+cz^2=0\)
1/ Đặt \(a-b=x,b-c=y,c-z=z\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=0\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\)
1:
a: \(B=\dfrac{3x^2+3-x^2+2x-1-x^2-x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x-1}{2x^2-5x+5}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x^2+x+1}\cdot\dfrac{1}{2x^2-5x+5}=\dfrac{1}{2x^2-5x+5}\)
b: \(2x^2-5x+5=2\left(x^2-\dfrac{5}{2}x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{25}{16}+\dfrac{15}{16}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x-\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{8}\ge\dfrac{15}{8}\forall x\)
=>B<=8/15
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=5/4
Đặt \(\left(\frac{a-b}{c},\frac{b-c}{a},\frac{c-a}{b}\right)\rightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)\)
Khi đó:\(\left(\frac{c}{a-b},\frac{a}{b-c},\frac{b}{c-a}\right)\rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x},\frac{1}{y},\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Ta có:
\(P\cdot Q=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=3+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}+\frac{x+y}{z}\)
Mặt khác:\(\frac{y+z}{x}=\left(\frac{b-c}{a}+\frac{c-a}{b}\right)\cdot\frac{c}{a-b}=\frac{b^2-bc+ac-a^2}{ab}\cdot\frac{c}{a-b}\)
\(=\frac{c\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a-b\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=\frac{c\left(c-a-b\right)}{ab}=\frac{2c^2}{ab}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{x+z}{y}=\frac{2a^2}{bc}\left(2\right)\)
\(=\frac{x+y}{z}=\frac{2b^2}{ac}\left(3\right)\)
Từ ( 1 );( 2 );( 3 ) ta có:
\(P\cdot Q=3+\frac{2c^2}{ab}+\frac{2a^2}{bc}+\frac{2b^2}{ac}=3+\frac{2}{abc}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
Ta có:\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=-c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=-c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
Khi đó:\(P\cdot Q=3+\frac{2}{abc}\cdot3abc=9\)
1. Dạng này có giải rồi bn. Dùng hđt A3 +B3 = (A+B)3 -3AB(A+B) : 2x - 8 + 4x +13 = 4x +2x +5
2. Pt <=> x2 +y2 +1 -2xy -2x+2y +y2 +4y +4 =0 <=> (x-y-1)2 + (y+2)2 =0 <=> x-y-1=0 và y+2 =0 <=>x = -1 và y = -2
bài 2: Ta có: x2 - 2xy + y2 + y2 -2x + 6y + 5 =0
hay (x - y)2 + y2 -2x + 6y + 5 =0
nên (x - y)2 - 2(x-y) + y2 + 4y + 5 =0
suy ra: (x - y)2 - 2(x-y) + 1 + y2 + 4y + 4=0
vậy ta được: (x-y-1)2 + (y+2)2 =0
mà (x-y-1)2 >= 0, (y+2)2 >=0
Vậy để pt trên có giá trị bằng 0 thì y=-2; x-y-1=0
từ đó suy ra x=-1; y=-2
Nhìn sơ qua thì thấy bài 3, b thay -2 vào x rồi giải bình thường tìm m
Bài 2:
a) \(x+x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x+1=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=0-1\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-1\end{cases}}\)
b) \(0x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0x=3\)
\(\Rightarrow vonghiem\)
c) \(3y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=0\)
1) \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)=0\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{2}{zx}+\frac{2}{xy}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)