CMR: \(\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{1}{1+b}\ge\dfrac{2}{1+\sqrt{ab}}\)
(a, b duong)
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Giả sử \(\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{1}{1+b}\ge\dfrac{2}{1+\sqrt{ab}}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{1+a}-\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{ab}}+\dfrac{1}{1+b}-\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{ab}}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1+\sqrt{ab}-1-a}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)}+\dfrac{1+\sqrt{ab}-1-b}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(1+b\right)}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(1+b\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(1+a\right)}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(1+b\right)}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(1+b\right)+\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(1+a\right)}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(1+b\right)}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(-\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a}.b+\sqrt{b}+a\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(1+b\right)}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left[\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)-\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\right]}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(1+b\right)}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{ab}-1\right)}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(1+b\right)}\ge0\)(1)
Vì \(\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\ge0\)(2)
\(\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{ab}-1\right)\ge0\)(vì ab\(\ge1\))(3)
Từ (1),(2),(3)\(\Rightarrow\) điều giả sử đúng
Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{1}{1+b}\ge\dfrac{2}{1+\sqrt{ab}}\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
$\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
$\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
Cộng theo vế và thu gọn:
$\frac{a+1}{a+1}+\frac{b+1}{b+1}+\frac{c+1}{c+1}\geq \frac{3(1+\sqrt[3]{abc})}{\sqrt[3]{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
$\Leftrightarrow 3\geq \frac{3(1+\sqrt[3]{abc})}{\sqrt[3]{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
$\Rightarrow (a+1)(b+1)(c+1)\geq (1+\sqrt[3]{abc})^3$
Ta có đpcm.
Bài 2:
$a^3+a^3+a^3+a^3+b^3+c^3\geq 6\sqrt[6]{a^{12}b^3c^3}=6a^2\sqrt{bc}$
$b^3+b^3+b^3+b^3+a^3+c^3\geq 6b^2\sqrt{ac}$
$c^3+c^3+c^3+c^3+a^3+b^3\geq 6c^2\sqrt{ab}$
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn thu được:
$a^3+b^3+c^3\geq a^2\sqrt{bc}+b^2\sqrt{ac}+c^2\sqrt{ab}$
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Đặt vế trái là T, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{b+1}}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{b+1}}\ge\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\dfrac{b+1+2}{2}}=\dfrac{a.2\sqrt{2}}{b+3}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{c+1}}\ge\dfrac{b.2\sqrt{2}}{c+3}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{a+1}}\ge\dfrac{c.2\sqrt{2}}{a+3}\)
Cộng vế theo vế các BĐT vừa chứng minh, ta được
\(T\ge2\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{b+3}+\dfrac{b}{c+3}+\dfrac{c}{a+3}\right)=2\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{a^2}{ab+3a}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+3b}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+3c}\right)\)
\(T\ge2\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca+3\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(T\ge2\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+3\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(T\ge2\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{3^2}{\dfrac{3^2}{3}+9}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)(đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
b) Đặt vế trái là N,ta có:
\(\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{a^3}{b+3}}=\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{a^4}{ab+3}}=\sum\dfrac{a^2}{\sqrt{ab+3}}=\sum\dfrac{2a^2}{\sqrt{4a\left(b+3\right)}}\ge\sum\dfrac{2a^2}{\dfrac{4a+b+3}{2}}=\sum\dfrac{4a^2}{4a+b+3}\)
\(\sum\dfrac{4a^2}{4a+b+3}\ge\dfrac{\left(2a+2b+2c\right)^2}{4a+b+3+4b+c+3+4c+a+3}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)(đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
\(\dfrac{2}{a+2}+\dfrac{2}{b+2}+\dfrac{2}{c+2}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{a+2}-1+\dfrac{2}{b+2}-1+\dfrac{2}{c+2}-1\ge2-3\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{a}{a+2}+\dfrac{b}{b+2}+\dfrac{c}{c+2}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2a}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2b}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2c}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+2a+b^2+2b+c^2+2c}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) đpcm
Phía trên thoả mãn \(\ge1\) chứ không phải 3/2 đâu ạ
Nice proof, nhưng đã quy đồng là phải thế này :v
\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\left(2a-\sqrt{a^2+3}\right)+\left(2b-\sqrt{b^2+3}\right)+\left(2c-\sqrt{c^2+3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-1}{2a+\sqrt{a^2+3}}+\dfrac{b^2-1}{2b+\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\dfrac{c^2-1}{2c+\sqrt{c^2+3}}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-1}{2a+\sqrt{a^2+3}}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-a\right)+\dfrac{b^2-1}{2b+\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}-b\right)+\dfrac{c^2-1}{2c+\sqrt{c^2+3}}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}-c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2a+\sqrt{a^2+3}}-\dfrac{1}{4a}\right)+\left(b^2-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2b+\sqrt{b^2+3}}-\dfrac{1}{4b}\right)+\left(c^2-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2c+\sqrt{a^2+3}}-\dfrac{1}{4c}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a^2-1\right)\left(2a-\sqrt{a^2+3}\right)}{a\left(2a+\sqrt{a^2+3}\right)}+\dfrac{\left(b^2-1\right)\left(2b-\sqrt{b^2+3}\right)}{b\left(2b+\sqrt{b^2+3}\right)}+\dfrac{\left(c^2-1\right)\left(2c-\sqrt{c^2+3}\right)}{c\left(2c+\sqrt{c^2+3}\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a^2-1\right)^2}{a\left(2a+\sqrt{a^2+3}\right)^2}+\dfrac{\left(b^2-1\right)^2}{b\left(2b+\sqrt{b^2+3}\right)^2}+\dfrac{\left(c^2-1\right)^2}{c\left(2c+\sqrt{c^2+3}\right)^2}\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Khi \(f\left(t\right)=\sqrt{1+t}\) là hàm lõm trên \([-1, +\infty)\) ta có:
\(f(t)\le f(3)+f'(3)(t-3)\forall t\ge -1\)
Tức là \(f\left(t\right)\le2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(t-3\right)=\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}t\forall t\ge-1\)
Áp dụng BĐT này ta có:
\(\sqrt{a^2+3}=a\sqrt{1+\dfrac{3}{a^2}}\le a\left(\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\dfrac{3}{a^2}\right)=\dfrac{5}{4}a+\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{1}{a}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có:
\(\sqrt{b^2+3}\le\dfrac{5}{4}b+\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{1}{b};\sqrt{c^2+3}\le\dfrac{5}{4}c+\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(VP\le\dfrac{5}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=2\left(a+b+c\right)=VT\)
có cho đk: ab>=1 ko
ĐK: \(ab\ge1\)