CMR: \(\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\\ \)
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BĐT\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2+3d^2+6\left(ab+bc+cd+da+bd+ca\right)\ge8\left(ab+bc+cd+da+bd+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2+3d^2-2\left(ab+bc+cd+da+bd+ca\right)\ge0\) (*)
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab;b^2+c^2\ge2bc;c^2+d^2\ge2cd\)
\(d^2+a^2\ge2da;b^2+d^2\ge2bd;c^2+a^2\ge2ca\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT trên suy ra \(3a^2+3b^2+3c^2+3d^2\ge2\left(ab+bc+cd+da+bd+ca\right)\)
Do vậy BĐT (*) đúng hay ta có đpcm.
P/s: EM còn khá dốt BĐT,mong được các anh chị chỉ bảo cho ạ!
Cần cù bù thông minh ^^
\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{9}\left(-3a+b+c+d\right)^2+\frac{2}{9}\left(2b-c-d\right)^2+\frac{2}{3}\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\)
Hihi mình phân tích hơi nham nhở thông cảm nha :(
Ta có :
\(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)-2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(a-d\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(b-d\right)^2+\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge\frac{2}{3}\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)+6\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\ge8\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ad+d^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bd+d^2\right)\)\(+\left(c^2-2cd+d^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(a-d\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(b-d\right)^2+\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\) ( đúng )
=> Đpcm
Ta có : \(\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{4\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)}\ge\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\ge8\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)+6\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\ge8\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)-2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ad+d^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bd+d^2\right)+\left(c^2-2cd+d^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(a-d\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(b-d\right)^2+\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy bđt ban đầu được chứng minh
Ta có: a+b+c+d=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) c = -(a+b+c+d)
Nên:
Xét hiệu: ab - cd = ab+d(a+b+d)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ab - cd = ab+ad+bd+d2
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ab - cd = a(b+d)+d(b+d)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ab - cd = (b+d)(a+d) (1)
Xét hiệu: bd - ac = bd+a(a+b+d)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) bd - ac = bd+a2+ab+ad
\(\Leftrightarrow\) bd - ac =d(a+b)+a(a+b)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) bd - ac = (a+b)(a+d) (2)
Xét hiệu: ad - bc = ad+b(a+b+d)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ad - bc = ad+ab+b2+bd
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ad - bc = a(b+d)+b(b+d)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)ad - bc = (a+b)(b+d) (3)
Từ (1),(2),(3) ta có:
\(\left(ab-cd\right)\left(bd-ac\right)\left(ad-bc\right)\) = (b+d)(a+d)(a+b)(a+d)(a+b)(b+d)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (ab-cd)(bd-ac)(ad-bc) = (a+b)2.(b+d)2.(a+d)2
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (ab-cd)(bd-ac)(ad-bc) = [(a+b)(b+d)(a+d)]2
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\sqrt{\left(ab-cd\right)\left(bd-ac\right)\left(ad-bc\right)}\) = \(\sqrt{\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(b+d\right)\left(a+d\right)\right]^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(ab-cd\right)\left(bd-ac\right)\left(ad-bc\right)}\) = |(a+b)(b+d)(a+d)| (4)
Mà a,b,c,d là các số hữu tỉ
\(\Rightarrow\) |(a+b)(b+d)(a+d)| là số hữu tỉ (5)
Từ (4) và (5) chứng tỏ \(\sqrt{\left(ab-cd\right)\left(bd-ac\right)\left(ad-bc\right)}\) là số hữu tỉ
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+abc\)
\(=abc+a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+b^2c+bc^2+abc+abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)( phân tích nhân tử các kiểu )
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\left(1\right)\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow-abc\ge\frac{-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
Khi đó:\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
\(=\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) có đpcm
(a+b+c+d)2\(\ge\frac{8}{3}\)(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd)
<=>(a+b)2+2(a+b)(c+d)+(c+d)2\(\ge\).....
<=>a2+b2+c2+d2+2(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd)\(\ge\)....
<=>3a2+3b2+3c2+3d2+6(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd)\(\ge\)8(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd)
<=> 3a2+3b2+3c2+3d2-2ab -2ac-2bc-2ad-2bd-2cd\(\ge\)0
<=> (a2-2ab+b2)+(a2-ac+c2)+(a2-2ad+d2)+(b2-2bc+c2)+(b2-2bd+d2)+(c2-2cd+d2)>=0
<=> (a-b)2+(a-c)2+(a-d)2+(b-c)2+(b-d)2+(c-d)2>=0 (DPCM)
Dau ''='' xay ra khi a=b=c=d