Cho \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\).Chứng minh:\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{5a^2+2c^2}{5b^2+2d^2}\)
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\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\frac{2a^2-3ab+5b^2}{2b^2+3ab}=\frac{2b^2k^2-3b^2k+5b^2}{2b^2+3b^2k}=\frac{b^2\left(2k^2-3k+5\right)}{b^2\left(2+3k\right)}=\frac{2k^2-3k+5}{3k+2}\)
\(\frac{2c^2-3cd+5d^2}{2d^2+3cd}=\frac{2d^2k^2-3d^2k+5d^2}{2d^2+3d^2k}=\frac{d^2\left(2k^2-3k+5\right)}{d^2\left(2+3k\right)}=\frac{2k^2-3k+5}{3k+2}\)
nên 2 phân số trên bằng nhau (đpcm)
Đặt: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=bk\\c=dk\end{cases}}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{2a^2-3ab+5b^2}{2b^2+3ab}\)
<=> \(\frac{2b^2k^2-3b^2k+5b^2}{2b^2+3b^2k}\)
<=> \(\frac{b^2\left(2k^2-3k+5\right)}{b^2\left(2+3k\right)}\)
<=> \(\frac{2k^2-3k+5}{2+3k}\left(1\right)\)
Ta có: \(\frac{2c^2-3cd+5d^2}{2d^2+3cd}\)
<=> \(\frac{2d^2k^2-3d^2k+5d^2}{2d^2+3d^2k}\)
<=> \(\frac{d^2\left(2k^2-3k+5\right)}{d^2\left(2+3k\right)}\)
<=> \(\frac{2k^2-3k+5}{2+3k}\left(2\right)\)
Từ 1 và 2 => đpcm
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\)
\(\frac{2a^2-3ab+5b^2}{2b^2+3ab}=\frac{2.\left(bk\right)^2-3.bk.b+5.b^2}{2b^2+3.bk.b}\)=\(\frac{2.b^2.k^2-3.k.b^2+5.b^2}{2.b^2+3.b^2.k}=\frac{b^2\left(2.k^2-3.k+5\right)}{b^2\left(2+3.k\right)}=\frac{2.k^2-3.k+5}{2+3.k}\)
\(\frac{2c^2-3cd+5d^2}{2d^2+3cd}=\frac{2.\left(dk\right)^2-3.dk.d+5.d^2}{2.d^2+3.dk.d}\)\(=\frac{2.d^2.k^2-3.d^2.k+5.d^2}{2.d^2+3.d.k.d}\)=\(\frac{d^2\left(2.k^2-3.k+5\right)}{d^2\left(2+3.k\right)}=\frac{2.k^2-3.k+5}{2+3.k}\)
=> bằng nhau
Ta sẽ chứng minh :
\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\) với x, y > 0
Thật vậy : \(x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)( bđt Cô - si )
Và \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\) ( bđt Cô - si )
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\) ( Dấu " = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\) )
Ta có :
\(5a^2+2ab+2b^2=\left(2a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left(2a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}}\le\frac{1}{2a+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
( Dấu " = " xay ra khi a=b)
Tương tự ta cũng có :
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5b^2+2bc+2c^2}}\le\frac{1}{2b+c}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\) ( Dấu " = " xảy ra khi b=c)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5c^2+2ca+2a^2}}\le\frac{1}{2c+a}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\) ( Dấu " = " xay ra khi c = a )
\(VT=\sum_{cyc}\frac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+b^2}}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu " = " xay ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{4a^2+2ab+b^2+a^2+b^2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{4a^2+2ab+b^2+2ab}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(2a+b\right)^2}}=\frac{1}{2a+b}=\frac{1}{a+a+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(5a^2+2ab+2b^2=\left(2a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left(2a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\left(2a+b\right)^2}}=\dfrac{1}{a+a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5b^2+2bc+2c^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5c^2+2ac+a^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+b^2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5b^2+2bc+c^2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5c^2+2ac+a^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\right)\le\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{c^2}{d^2}=\frac{5a^2}{5b^2}=\frac{2c^2}{2d^2}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau,ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{5a^2}{5b^2}=\frac{2c^2}{2d^2}=\frac{5a^2+2c^2}{5b^2+2d^2}=\frac{5a^2-2c^2}{5b^2-2d^2}\)