giải hệ PT \(2x^3=y+1\)
\(2y^3=x+1\)
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a.
ĐKXĐ: \(1\le x\le7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{7-x}-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(7-x\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)-\sqrt{7-x}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{7-x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=\sqrt{7-x}\\\sqrt{x-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=7-x\\x-1=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
b. ĐKXĐ: ...
Biến đổi pt đầu:
\(x\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)^2=\sqrt{y-1}-\sqrt{x}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=a\ge0\\\sqrt{y-1}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2-b^4=b-a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+a-b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(b^2\left(a+b\right)+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{y-1}\Rightarrow y=x+1\)
Thế vào pt dưới:
\(3\sqrt{5-x}+3\sqrt{5x-4}=2x+7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-\sqrt{5x-4}\right)+7-x-3\sqrt{5-x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x^2-5x+4\right)}{x+\sqrt{5x-4}}+\dfrac{x^2-5x+4}{7-x+3\sqrt{5-x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-5x+4\right)\left(\dfrac{3}{x+\sqrt{5x-4}}+\dfrac{1}{7-x+3\sqrt{5-x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
a) \(ĐK:y-2x+1\ge0;4x+y+5\ge0;x+2y-2\ge0,x\le1\)
Th1: \(\hept{\begin{cases}y-2x+1=0\\3-3x=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\-1=\sqrt{10}-1\end{cases}}\)(không thỏa mãn)
Th2: \(x,y\ne1\)
\(2x^2-y^2+xy-5x+y+2=\sqrt{y-2x+1}-\sqrt{3-3x}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-2\right)\left(2x-y-1\right)=\frac{x+y-2}{\sqrt{y-2x+1}+\sqrt{3-3x}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-2\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2x+1}+\sqrt{3-3x}}+y-2x+1\right)=0\)
Dễ thấy \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2x+1}+\sqrt{3-3x}}+y-2x+1>0\)nên x + y - 2 = 0
Thay y = 2 - x vào phương trình \(x^2-y-1=\sqrt{4x+y+5}-\sqrt{x+2y-2}\), ta được: \(x^2+x-3=\sqrt{3x+7}-\sqrt{2-x}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-2=\sqrt{3x+7}-1+2-\sqrt{2-x}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)=\frac{3\left(x+2\right)}{\sqrt{3x+7}+1}+\frac{x+2}{2+\sqrt{2-x}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(\frac{3}{\sqrt{3x+7}+1}+\frac{1}{2+\sqrt{2-x}}+1-x\right)=0\)
Vì \(x\le1\)nên\(\frac{3}{\sqrt{3x+7}+1}+\frac{1}{2+\sqrt{2-x}}+1-x>0\)suy ra x = -2 nên y = 4
Vậy nghiệm của hệ phương trình là (x;y) = (-2;4)
b) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+y^2=5\\x^3+2y^3=10x-10y\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2\left(x^2+y^2\right)=10\left(1\right)\\x^3+2y^3=10\left(x-y\right)\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Thay (1) vào (2), ta được: \(x^3+2y^3=2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x-y\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(2y-x\right)\left(x^2+2y^2\right)=0\)
* Th1: \(x^2+2y^2=0\)(*)
Mà \(x^2\ge0\forall x;2y^2\ge0\forall y\Rightarrow x^2+2y^2\ge0\)nên (*) xảy ra khi x = y = 0 nhưng cặp nghiệm này không thỏa mãn hệ
* Th2: 2y - x = 0 suy ra x = 2y thay vào (1), ta được: \(y^2=1\Rightarrow y=\pm1\Rightarrow x=\pm2\)
Vậy hệ có 2 nghiệm \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(2;1\right);\left(-2;-1\right)\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x+y-2\right)+\left(x+y-2\right)\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-2\right)\left(x+y+xy+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y-2=0\left(1\right)\\x+y+xy+2=0\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét (1) \(\Leftrightarrow y=2-x\) thay vào pt đầu: ....
Xét (2): kết hợp với pt đầu ta được:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+xy+2=0\\\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xy=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=a\\xy=b\end{matrix}\right.\) với \(a^2\ge4b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+2=0\\a^3-3ab-3b=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+2=0\\\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-a+1\right)-3b\left(a+1\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+2=0\\\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-a+1-3b\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
\(\begin{aligned} &\text { Điêu kiện }\left\{\begin{array}{l} 2 x+y \geq 0 \\ x-2 y+1 \geq 0 \end{array}\right.\\ &\text { Ta có hệ phương trình dã cho } \Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{array}{l} 3 \sqrt{2 x+y}+\sqrt{x-2 y+1}=5 \\ 2 \sqrt{x-2 y+1}-(5 x+10 y)=9 \end{array}\right.\\ &\text { Đặt } u=\sqrt{2 x+y},(\mathrm{u} \geq 0) \text { và } v=\sqrt{x-2 y+1},(v \geq 0)\\ &\text { Suy ra }\left\{\begin{array}{l} 2 x+y=u^{2} \\ x-2 y+1=v^{2} \end{array} \Rightarrow\left\{\begin{array}{l} 2 x+y=u^{2} \\ x-2 y=v^{2}-1 \end{array}\right.\right.\\ &\text { Ta có } 5 x+10 y=m(2 x+y)+n(x-2 y), \text { suy ra }\left\{\begin{array}{l} 2 m+n=5 \\ m-2 n=10 \end{array} \Rightarrow\left\{\begin{array}{l} m=4 \\ n=-3 \end{array}\right.\right.\\ &\text { Vậy } 5 x+10 y=4(2 x+y)-3(x-2 y)=4 u^{2}-3\left(v^{2}-1\right) \end{aligned}\)
\(\text{Vậy ta có hệ phương trình}: \begin{array}{*{20}{l}} {\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} {3u + v = 5}\\ {2v - \left( {4{u^2} - 3{v^2} + 3} \right) = 9} \end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} {v = 5 - 3u}\\ {4{u^2} - 3{v^2} - 2v + 12 = 0} \end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} {v = 5 - 3u}\\ {23{u^2} - 96u + 73 = 0} \end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} u = 1\\ v = 2 \end{array} \right.\\ \left\{ \begin{array}{l} u = \dfrac{{73}}{{23}}\\ v = - \dfrac{{104}}{{23}} \end{array} \right. \end{array} \right.} \end{array}\)
\(\text{Trường hợp 1}: \left\{\begin{array}{l}u=1 \\ v=2\end{array} \Rightarrow\left\{\begin{array}{l}2 x+y=1 \\ x-2 y=3\end{array} \Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{array}{l}x=1 \\ y=-1\end{array}\right. (tm) \right.\right.\\ \text{Trường hợp 2}: \left\{\begin{array}{l}u=\dfrac{73}{23} \\ v=-\dfrac{104}{23}\end{array}\right. (ktm \left.v \geq 0\right)\\ \text{Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm} \left\{\begin{array}{l}x=1 \\ y=-1\end{array}\right..\)
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+1+1}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=6\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=5\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x+1=1 và y-2=1/2
=>x=0 và y=5/2
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4}{x-2y}=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{18}=\dfrac{9}{18}-\dfrac{1}{18}=\dfrac{8}{18}=\dfrac{4}{9}\\\dfrac{2}{2x-y}=\dfrac{1}{18}+\dfrac{1}{x-2y}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x-2y=9 và 2/2x-y=1/18+1/9=1/18+2/18=3/18=1/6
=>x-2y=9 và 2x-y=12
=>x=5; y=-2
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10\left|x-6\right|+15\left|y+1\right|=25\\10\left|x-6\right|-8\left|y+1\right|=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23\left|y+1\right|=23\\\left|x-6\right|=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>|x-6|=1 và |y+1|=1
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\left\{7;5\right\}\\y\in\left\{0;-2\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-1\\y\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có : \(x+\sqrt{\left(x+1\right).y}=2y-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1+\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)y}-2y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x+1}+2\sqrt{y}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=\sqrt{y}\left(1\right)\\\sqrt{x+1}+2\sqrt{y}=0\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (2) ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\) (tm)
Thử lại ta có (x;y) = (-1;0) là 1 nghiệm của hệ phương trình
Từ (1) ta có : x + 1 = y
Khi đó \(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{y}=x^2-y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=x^2-x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x+3}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)=x^2-x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-6}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{x-3}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}=x+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với x = 3 => y = 4 (tm)
Với \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}=x+2\)
Vì \(x\ge-1\) nên \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
nên \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=1\)
lại có \(VP\ge1\) khi x \(\ge-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = -1 => y = 0 (tm)
Vậy (x;y) = (-1;0) ; (3;4)
đk: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-1\\y\ge0\\x^2>y\end{matrix}\right.\)
pt đầu \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)y}=2y-x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)y=4y^2+x^2+1+2x-4xy-4y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4y^2-5xy+2x-5y+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x-4y\right)+\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-4y\right)+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x-4y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=x+1\\x=4y-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(y=x+1\) thay vào pt thứ hai, ta được
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=x^2-x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x+3}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)=x^2-x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-6}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{x-3}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}-\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}-x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(nhận\right)\\\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}-x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1.1: \(x=3\Rightarrow y=x+1=4\) (nhận)
TH1.2:\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}-x+2=0\) (chỗ này mai mình nghĩ tiếp)
TH2: \(x=4y-1\). Thay vào pt thứ hai, ta được
\(\sqrt{8y+1}+\sqrt{y}=16y^2-9y+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{8y+1}-1\right)+\sqrt{y}=16y^2-9y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8y}{\sqrt{8y+1}+1}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{y}}-16y^2+9y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{8y+1}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}-16y+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{8y+1}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}-16y+9=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2.1: \(y=0\) \(\Rightarrow x=4y-1=-1\) (nhận)
TH2.2: \(\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{8y+1}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}-16y+9=0\)
(đoạn này để mai mình nghĩ tiếp nhé, ta tìm được các nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-1;0\right);\left(3;4\right)\))
\(x^3+y^3+3xy=1\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-1-3xy\left(x+y\right)+3xy=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y+1\right]-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy+x+y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y-1=0\\x=y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(x=y=-1\) thế vào pt dưới kiểm tra ko thỏa mãn
TH2: \(y=1-x\) thế vào pt dưới:
\(\sqrt{\left(4-x\right)\left(x+12\right)}=\dfrac{27}{x+3}\) (ĐKXĐ: \(-12\le x\le4;x\ne-3\))
- Với \(x< -3\) pt vô nghiệm, với \(x>-3\)
Đặt \(x+3=t>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(t+9\right)\left(7-t\right)}=\dfrac{27}{t}\Leftrightarrow64-\left(t+1\right)^2=\dfrac{27^2}{t^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow64=\dfrac{27^2}{t^2}+\left(t+1\right)^2=\dfrac{25^2}{t^2}+t^2+\dfrac{104}{t^2}+t+t+1\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{25^2t^2}{t^2}}+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{104t^2}{t^2}}+1>65\) (vô lý)
Vậy hệ vô nghiệm
Cộng vế:
\(x^3-y^3+3x^2+3y^2+4x-4y+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(y-1\right)^3+x-y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+xy+x-y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+2\right)\left[\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y-1\right)^2+1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=x+2\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=5\\4x-5y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+6y=10\\4x-5y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=5\\11y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3\cdot\dfrac{9}{11}=5\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+\dfrac{27}{11}=5\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=\dfrac{28}{11}\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{14}{11}\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(x=\dfrac{14}{11};y=\dfrac{9}{11}\)
PT: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x^3=y+1\\2y^3=x+1\end{cases}}\)
\(2x^3=y+1\)
\(2x^3=y+1\Leftrightarrow2x^3-1=y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=2x^3-1\)
Lấy \(y=2x^3-1\)với \(2y^3=x+1\)
\(2y^3=x+1\)
Đặt \(2\left(2x^3-1\right)^3=x+1\)
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