Rút gọn tổng sau:
B=1+4+4\(^2\)+4\(^3\)+...+4\(100\)
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\(B=\dfrac{1-4\sin^2x\cdot\cos^2x}{\sin^2x+2\sin x\cdot\cos x+\cos^2}+2\sin x\cdot\cos x\\ B=\dfrac{1-4\sin^2x\cdot\cos^2x}{2\sin x\cdot\cos x}+2\sin x\cdot\cos x\\ B=\dfrac{1-4\sin^2x\cdot\cos^2x+4\sin^2x\cdot\cos^2x}{2\sin x\cdot\cos x}=\dfrac{1}{2\sin x\cdot\cos x}\)
Xét hàm:
\(f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{x^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow f'\left(x\right)=-\dfrac{1}{x^2}-\dfrac{2}{x^3}-\dfrac{3}{x^4}-...-\dfrac{100}{x^{101}}=-P\) (1)
Mặt khác \(f\left(x\right)\) là tổng cấp số nhân với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n=100\\u_1=\dfrac{1}{x}\\q=\dfrac{1}{x}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=u_1.\dfrac{1-q^{100}}{1-q}=\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{x^{100}}}{1-\dfrac{1}{x}}=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{x^{100}}}{x-1}=\dfrac{x^{100}-1}{x^{101}-x^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow f'\left(x\right)=\dfrac{\left(x^{100}-1\right)'\left(x^{101}-x^{100}\right)-\left(x^{101}-x^{100}\right)'\left(x^{100}-1\right)}{\left(x^{101}-x^{100}\right)^2}=-\dfrac{x^{101}-101x^{100}+100}{x^{101}\left(x-1\right)^2}\) (2)
(1);(2) \(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{x^{101}-101x^{100}+100}{x^{101}\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
a) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}}\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x+1}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}}\)
=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1};x\ge0\)
b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{y}-1}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(y-2\sqrt{y}+1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^4}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{y}-1}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{y}-1}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x-1}\)
B = 1 + 4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 4100
4B = 4. (1 + 4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 4100)
4B = 4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 4101
4B - B = (4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 4101) - (1 + 4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 4100)
3B = 4101 - 1
B = \(\frac{4^{101}-1}{3}\)
4B = 4+4^2+4^3+....+4^101
3B=4B-B=(4+4^2+4^3+....+4^101)-(1+4+4^2+....+4^100) = 4^101 - 1
=> B = (4^101-1)/3
-Quy luật: Nhân mỗi vế của đẳng thức cho số thích hợp để tạo ra đẳng thức mới, khi cộng (hoặc trừ) mỗi vế của mỗi đẳng thức thì sẽ rút gọn bớt.
a) \(A=2-2^2+2^3-2^4+...+2^{99}-2^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2^2-2^3+2^4-2^5+...+2^{100}-2^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A+A=2^2-2^3+2^4-2^5+...+2^{100}-2^{101}+\left(2-2^2+2^3-2^4+...+2^{99}-2^{100}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-2^{101}+2\)
b,c) làm tương tự.
d) \(D=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=3+1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D-D=3+1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2D=3+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2D=\dfrac{3^{101}+1}{3^{100}}\Rightarrow D=\dfrac{3^{101}+1}{2.3^{100}}\)
e) làm tương tự nhưng đổi thành cộng.
\(\Rightarrow4A=2^2+2^4+2^6+...+2^{102}\\ \Rightarrow4A-A=2^2+2^4+...+2^{102}-1-2^2-2^4-...-2^{100}\\ \Rightarrow3A=2^{102}-1\\ \Rightarrow A=\dfrac{2^{102}-1}{3}\)
A= 1 + 2\(^2\) + 2\(^4\) +...+ 2\(^{100}\)
⇔2\(^2\)A=2\(^2\)+2\(^4\)+2\(^6\)+2\(^8\)+....+2\(^{100}\)+2\(^{102}\)
⇔4A−A=(2\(^2\)+2\(^4\)+2\(^6\)+2\(^8\)+....+2\(^{100}\)+2\(^{102}\)) − (1+2\(^2\)+2\(^4\)+2\(^6\)+....+2\(^{98}\)+2\(^{100}\))
⇔3A=2\(^{102}\)−1
⇔S=\(\dfrac{2^{102}-1}{3}\)
A = 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + ... + 2100
2A = 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + 25 + ... + 2101
2A - A = ( 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + 25 + ... + 2101 ) - ( 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + ... + 2100 )
A = 2101 - 1
`A=1+4+4^2+4^3+....+4^99+4^100`
`=>4A=4+4^2+4^3+4^4+...+4^100+4^101`
`=>4A-A=4^101-1`
`=>3A=4^101-1`
`=>A=(4^101-1)/3`
Ta có: \(A=1+4+4^2+...+4^{99}+4^{100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\cdot A=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{100}+4^{101}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\cdot A-A=4^{101}-1\)
hay \(A=\dfrac{4^{101}-1}{3}\)
4B = 4+4^2+4^3+....+4^101
3B=4B-B=(4+4^2+4^3+....+4^101)-(1+4+4^2+....+4^100) = 4^101 - 1
=> B = (4^101-1)/3
k mk nha
B=1+4+42+43+...+4100
''nha"