Cho a,b,c>0. Chứng minh rằng : \(a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
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Có \(ab+bc+ac=abc\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\)
Áp dụng các bđt sau:Với x;y;z>0 có: \(\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\) và \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{a+3b+2c}=\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}\right)\)\(\le\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)
CMTT: \(\dfrac{1}{b+3c+2a}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}+\dfrac{2}{a}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c+3a+2b}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế => \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{6}{a}+\dfrac{6}{b}+\dfrac{6}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{36}.6\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=3
Có \(a+b=2\Leftrightarrow2\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow ab\le1\)
\(E=\left(3a^2+2b\right)\left(3b^2+2a\right)+5a^2b+5ab^2+2ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+6\left(a^3+b^3\right)+4ab+5ab\left(a+b\right)+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+6\left(a+b\right)^3-18ab\left(a+b\right)+4ab+5ab\left(a+b\right)+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+48-18ab.2+4ab+5.2.ab+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2-2ab+48\)
Đặt \(f\left(ab\right)=9a^2b^2-2ab+48;ab\le1\), đỉnh \(I\left(\dfrac{1}{9};\dfrac{431}{9}\right)\)
Hàm đồng biến trên khoảng \(\left[\dfrac{1}{9};1\right]\backslash\left\{\dfrac{1}{9}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(ab\right)_{max}=55\Leftrightarrow ab=1\)
\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=55\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)
Vậy...
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\)thì \(x,y,z>0\)và ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{3zx+yz}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{3xy+zx}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{3yz+xy}}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{x\sqrt{3zx+yz}}+\frac{y^2}{y\sqrt{3xy+zx}}+\frac{z^2}{z\sqrt{3yz+xy}}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng phân thức, ta có: \(\frac{x^2}{x\sqrt{3zx+yz}}+\frac{y^2}{y\sqrt{3xy+zx}}+\frac{z^2}{z\sqrt{3yz+xy}}\ge\)\(\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x\sqrt{3zx+yz}+y\sqrt{3xy+zx}+z\sqrt{3yz+xy}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz, ta có: \(x\sqrt{3zx+yz}+y\sqrt{3xy+zx}+z\sqrt{3yz+xy}\)\(=\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{3zx^2+xyz}+\sqrt{y}.\sqrt{3xy^2+xyz}+\sqrt{y}.\sqrt{3yz^2+xyz}\)\(\le\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[3\left(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\right)\right]}\)
Ta cần chứng minh \(\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[3\left(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\right)\right]}\le\frac{2}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^4\ge\frac{9}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[3\left(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^3\ge\frac{27}{4}\left(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\right)\)(*)
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(y=mid\left\{x,y,z\right\}\)thì khi đó \(\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow y^2+zx\le xy+yz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy^2+zx^2\le x^2y+xyz\Leftrightarrow xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\le\)\(x^2y+yz^2+2xyz=y\left(z+x\right)^2=4y.\frac{z+x}{2}.\frac{z+x}{2}\)
\(\le\frac{4}{27}\left(y+\frac{z+x}{2}+\frac{z+x}{2}\right)^3=\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{27}\)
Như vậy (*) đúng
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
Áp dụng BĐT Svacxo ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a^3\left(7b+3c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^3\left(7c+3a\right)}+\frac{1}{c^3\left(7a+3b\right)}=\frac{\frac{1}{a^2}}{7ab+7ac}+\frac{\frac{1}{b^2}}{7bc+3ab}+\frac{\frac{1}{c^2}}{7ac+3bc}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{1}{10}.\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=\frac{1}{10}.\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{10}.\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\frac{1}{10}.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\sqrt{xy}\le\frac{x+y}{2}\)
\(VT=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\sqrt{4a\left(a+3b\right)}+\sqrt{4b\left(b+3c\right)}+\sqrt{4c\left(c+3a\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\frac{4a+a+3b}{2}+\frac{4b+b+3c}{2}+\frac{4c+c+3a}{2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{8\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{2b+c-a}{a}=\frac{2c-b+a}{b}=\frac{2a+b-c}{c}=\frac{2a+2b+2c}{a+b+c}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
Do đó :
\(\frac{2b+c-a}{a}=2\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(c=3a-2b\)\(;\)\(2b=3a-c\)\(\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{2c-b+a}{b}=2\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(a=3b-2c\)\(;\)\(2c=3b-a\)\(\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{2a+b-c}{c}=2\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(b=3c-2a\)\(;\)\(2a=3c-b\)\(\left(3\right)\)
Thay (1), (2) và (3) vào \(P=\frac{\left(3a-2b\right)\left(3b-2c\right)\left(3c-2a\right)}{\left(3a-c\right)\left(3b-a\right)\left(3c-b\right)}\) ta được :
\(P=\frac{c.a.b}{2b.2c.2a}=\frac{abc}{8abc}=\frac{1}{8}\)
Vậy \(P=\frac{1}{8}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
Phùng Minh Quân sai nha nếu a+b+c = 0 thì a+b+c / 2(a+b+c) thì nó không bằng 1/2 đc mà nó bằng 0
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương ta được :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+3c}+\dfrac{b+3c}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2}{b+3c}\times\dfrac{b+3c}{16}}=\dfrac{2a}{4}\)
Suy ra \(\dfrac{a^2}{b+3c}\ge\dfrac{2a}{4}-\dfrac{b+3c}{16}\)
Cmtt ta cũng được :
\(\dfrac{b^2}{c+3a}\ge\dfrac{2b}{4}-\dfrac{c+3a}{16}\) \(\dfrac{c^2}{a+3b}\ge\dfrac{2c}{4}-\dfrac{a+3b}{16}\)
Khi đó :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+3c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+3a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+3b}\ge\dfrac{2a}{4}-\dfrac{b+3c}{16}+\dfrac{2b}{4}-\dfrac{c+3a}{16}+\dfrac{2c}{4}-\dfrac{a+3b}{16}\)
mà \(\dfrac{2a}{4}-\dfrac{b+3c}{16}+\dfrac{2b}{4}-\dfrac{c+3a}{16}+\dfrac{2c}{4}-\dfrac{a+3b}{16}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{a^2}{b+3c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+3a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+3b}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+3c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+3a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+3b}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\) (đpcm)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Bước đầu: Áp dụng bđt Cô-si cho 3 số dương có \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)và \(a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^4b^4c^4}=3abc\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
Biến đổi tương đương:
BĐT <=> \(a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\ge3abc\sqrt[3]{abc}\)(luôn đúng)
tc \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(ab+ac+bc\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3c^3.a.b.c}=abc.3\sqrt[3]{abc}\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
=> dpcm