Hòa tan hoàn toàn 30 gam Calcium carbonate bằng 500 gam dung dịch hydrochloric acid nồng độ x M vừa đủ
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a) CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
b) \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
_0,1---->0,2------->0,1----->0,1
=> mCaCl2 = 0,1.111 = 11,1 (g)
=> VCO2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
c) \(a=C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5M\)
d) \(C_{M\left(CaCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25M\)
a)\(CaSO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
tl 1..................2............1.............1..........1(mol)
br0,125........0,25......0,125........0,125....0,125(mol)
\(m_{CaSO_3}=\dfrac{15}{120}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VddHCl=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,25}{1}=0,25\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{MCaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,125}{0,25}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,3 0,3 0,3
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{150}.100\%=19,6\%\)
\(pthh:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,3 0,2
\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{9,916}{24,79}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,4.24=9,6\left(g\right)\)
c, \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,4.95=38\left(g\right)\)
d, Bạn bổ sung thêm thể tích dd HCl nhé.
a, \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
Bài 14:
Ta có: \(n_{BaCO_3}=\dfrac{39,4}{197}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(BaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
a, \(n_{CO_2}=n_{BaCO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
b, Sửa đề: tính khối lượng dung dịch HCl → tính nồng độ % dd HCl.
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{BaCO_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{100}.100\%=14,6\%\)
c, \(n_{BaCl_2}=n_{BaCO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 39,4 + 100 - 0,2.44 = 130,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.208}{130,6}.100\%\approx31,85\%\)
Bài 12:
Ta có: \(n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{25,2}{84}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{MgCO_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,3.24,79=7,437\left(l\right)\)
b, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 25,2 + 200 - 0,3.44 = 212 (g)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{MgCO_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3.95}{212}.100\%\approx13,44\%\)
Bài 13:
Ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
1. \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
2. \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CaCO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{7,3\%}=100\left(g\right)\)
3. Ta có: m dd sau pư = 10 + 100 - 0,1.44 = 105,6 (g)
Theo PT: \(n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.111}{105,6}.100\%\approx10,51\%\)
Nồng độ %? hoặc 500 ml dd HCl
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{30}{100}=0,3mol\\ CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=0,3.2=0,6mol\\ \left[{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{HCl}}\\C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{500}\cdot100=4,38\%\end{matrix}\right.=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2M}\)