Áp dụng:Cho ba số a,b,c thỏa mãn a+b+c=2 và ab+bc+ca=-23.Tính giá trí của biểu thức a^2+b^2+c^2
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Lời giải:
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ca}{c+a}\Rightarrow \frac{abc}{c(a+b)}=\frac{abc}{a(b+c)}=\frac{bca}{b(c+a)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c(a+b)=a(b+c)=b(c+a)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac+bc=ab+ac=bc+ab\Leftrightarrow ab=bc=ac\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\) (do $a,b,c>0$)
$\Rightarrow M=\frac{a^2+a^2+a^2}{a^2+a^2+a^2}=1$
cho 3 số a,b,c khác 0 thỏa mãn ab/a+b=bc/b+c=ca/c+a
tính giá trị của biểu thức M=ab+bc+ca/a^2+b^2+c^2
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{a}{a+b}\cdot b=\frac{c}{b+c}\cdot b\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{b+c}\Rightarrow a\left(b+c\right)=c\left(a+b\right)\Rightarrow ab+ac=ac+bc\Rightarrow ab=bc\Rightarrow a=c\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{ac}{a+c}=\frac{b}{a+b}\cdot a=\frac{c}{a+c}\cdot a\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a+b}=\frac{c}{a+c}\Rightarrow b\left(a+c\right)=c\left(a+b\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc=ac+bc\Rightarrow ab=ac\Rightarrow b=c\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ac}{a+c}=\frac{b}{b+c}\cdot c=\frac{a}{a+c}\cdot c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{b+c}=\frac{a}{a+c}\Rightarrow b\left(a+c\right)=a\left(b+c\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc=ab+ac\Rightarrow bc=ac\Rightarrow a=b\left(3\right)\)
từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\left(3\right)\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{ab+bc+ac}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=1\)
Ta có:\(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ca}{c+a}\)
\(\iff\)\(\frac{abc}{ac+bc}=\frac{abc}{ab+ac}=\frac{abc}{bc+ba}\)
\(\iff\) \(ac+bc=ab+ac=bc+ba\)
+)\(ac+bc=ab+ac\)
\(\implies\)\(bc=ab\)
\(\implies\) \(c=a\left(1\right)\)
+)\(ab+ac=bc+ba\)
\(\implies\) \(ac=bc\)
\(\implies\) \(a=b\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\)
\(\implies\) \(a=b=c\)
\(\implies\) \(M=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{aa+bb+cc}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=1\)
Vậy \(M=1\)
Ta có : \(ab+bc+ca=0\)
<=> \(abc\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\left(\text{vì }a;b;c\ne0\right)\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=-\frac{1}{c}\)
<=> \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^3=\left(-\frac{1}{c}\right)^3\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{3}{ab}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=-\frac{1}{c^3}\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=-\frac{3}{ab}.\left(-\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(\text{vì }\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=-\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)
Khi đó \(P=\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ca}{b^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2}=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)=abc.\frac{3}{abc}=3\)
\(\dfrac{ab}{a^2+b^2-c^2}+\dfrac{bc}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{ca}{c^2+a^2-b^2}=\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab-c^2}+\dfrac{bc}{\left(b+c\right)^2-2bc-a^2}+\dfrac{ca}{\left(a+c\right)^2-2ac-b^2}=\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)-2ab}+\dfrac{bc}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)-2bc}+\dfrac{ac}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+c-b\right)-2ac}=\dfrac{ab}{-2ab}+\dfrac{bc}{-2bc}+\dfrac{ca}{-2ca}=-\dfrac{1}{2}.3=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Lời giải:
Ta có:
$a^2+b^2+c^2=(a+b+c)^2-2(ab+bc+ac)=2^2-2(-23)=4+46=50$