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a,\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,5 1 0,5 0,5
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5\left(l\right)\)
b,\(V_{H_2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
c,\(C_{M_{ddFeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1M\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{6,75}{27}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,25 0,75 0,25 0,375
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,375.22,4=8,4\left(l\right)\)
\(b,m_{HCl}=0,75.36,5=27,375\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{27,375.100}{10,95}=250\left(g\right)\)
\(c,m_{AlCl_3}=0,25.133,5=33,375\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddAlCl_3}=6,75+250-\left(0,375.2\right)=256\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{33,375}{256}.100\%\approx13,04\left(\%\right)\)
a)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
_____0,1<---0,2<-------0,1<---0,1
=> mHCl = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3 (g)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{7,3}=100\left(g\right)\)
mdd sau pư = 0,1.24 + 100 - 0,1.2 = 102,2 (g)
\(C\%\left(MgCl_2\right)=\dfrac{0,1.95}{102,2}.100\%=9,2955\%\)
b)
CTHH: AaOb
PTHH: \(A_aO_b+2bHCl->aACl_{\dfrac{2b}{a}}+bH_2O\)
____________0,2------->\(\dfrac{0,1a}{b}\)
=> \(\dfrac{0,1a}{b}\left(M_A+35,5.\dfrac{2b}{a}\right)=13,5\)
=> \(M_A=\dfrac{64b}{a}=\dfrac{2b}{a}.32\)
Nếu \(\dfrac{2b}{a}=1\) => MA = 32 (L)
Nếu \(\dfrac{2b}{a}=2\) => MA = 64(Cu)
Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
1 2 1 1
0,5 1 0,5 0,5
nFe= m/M = 26.3 / 56 = 0,5 mol
a) VH= n . 22,4 = 0,5 . 22,4 = 11,2 lít
b) mct HCl= n . M = 0,5 . 36,5 = 18,25g
C% = ( mct . 100 )/ mdd =18,25 . 100 : 800 = 2,28125%
a)
2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
2 6 2 3
0,19 0,57 0,19 0,285
nAl= m/M = 5,003/27= 0,19 mol
b)
VH2= n . 22,4 = 0,285 . 22,4 = 6,384 lít
c) CM HCl= n/V = 0,57 / 0,2 = 2,85M
d) H2 + CuO -> Cu + H2O ( điều kiện nhiệt độ nha mik k đánh kí hiệu lên mũi tên đc )
1 1 1 1
0,15625
nCuO= 12,5 / 80 = 0,15625 mol
=> tính số mol theo CuO
mCu= n. M = 0,15625 . 64 = 10g
nH2 = 6,72/22,4 = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
nAl = 0,3 : 3 . 2 = 0,2 (mol)
nHCl (Al) = 0,3 . 2 = 0,6 (mol)
mAl = 0,2 . 27 = 5,4 (g)
%mAl = 5,4/25,65 = 20,05%
%mZnO = 100% - 20,05% = 79,95%
mZnO = 25,65 - 5,4 = 20,25 (g)
nZnO = 20,25/81 = 0,25 (mol)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2O
nHCl (ZnO) = 0,25 . 2 = 0,5 (mol)
nHCl (đã dùng) = 0,6 + 0,5 = 1,1 (mol)
CMddHCl = 1,1/0,1008 = 10,9M
C% = (10,9 . 36,5)/(10 . 1,19) = 33,43%
a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,45\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 8,1 + 200 - 0,45.2 = 207,2 (g)
Theo PT: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,3.133,5}{207,2}.100\%\approx19,33\%\)
a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow24a+27b=5,1\) (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(2a+3b=0,5\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot24}{5,1}\cdot100\%\approx47,06\%\\\%m_{Al}=52,94\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=250\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{250}{1,2}\approx208,33\left(ml\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,7437}{24,79}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,06}{0,1}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
b, \(H=\dfrac{669,33}{743,7}.100\%=90\%\)