Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question from 18 to 25. The principle of use and disuse states that those parts of organisms' bodies that are used grown larger. Those parts that are not tend to wither away. It is an observed fact that when you exercise particular muscles, they grow. Those that are never used dimish. By examining a man's body, we can tell which muscles he uses and which he doesn't. We...
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question from 18 to 25.
The principle of use and disuse states that those parts of organisms' bodies that are used grown larger. Those parts that are not tend to wither away. It is an observed fact that when you exercise particular muscles, they grow. Those that are never used dimish. By examining a man's body, we can tell which muscles he uses and which he doesn't. We may even be able to guess his profession or his reaction. Enthusiasts of the "body- building" cult make use of the principle of use and disuse to "build" their bodies, almost like a piece of sculpture, into whatever unnatural shape is demanded by fashion in this peculiar minority culture. Muscles are not the only parts of the body that respond to use in this kind of way. Walk barefoot and you acquire harder skin on your soles. It is easy to tell a farmer from a bank teller by looking at their hands alone. The farmer's hands are horny, hardened by long exposure to rough work. The teller’s hands are relatively soft.
The principle of use and disuse enables animals to become better at the job of surviving in their world, progressively better during their lifetime as a result of living in that world. Humans, through direct exposure to sunlight, or lack of it, develop a skin color which equips them better to survive in the particular local conditions.
Too much sunlight is dangerous. Enthusiastic sunbathers with very fair skins are susceptible to skin cancer. Too little sunlight, on the other hand, leads to vitamin-D deficiency and rickets. The brown pigment melanin which is synthesized under the influence of sunlight, makes a screen to protect the underlying tissues from the harmful effects of further sunlight. If a suntanned person moves to a less sunny climate, the melanin disappears, and the body is able to benefit from what little sun there is. This can be represented as an instance of the principle of use and disuse: skin goes brown when it is "used", and fades to white when it is not.
It can be inferred from the passage that the principle of use and disuse enables organisms to _______
A. change their existence
B. automatically benefit
C. survive in any condition
D. improve their lifetime
I would like to talk about my grandfather. He was born in Da Lat City. His birthday is on the 25th of February 1928. Actually, in the past, the economy was poor so he didn't have the condition to finish his education. Therefore, he stopped learning when he was 16. He stayed at home and helped his parents on the farm. When he was 22, he started to move to Ho Chi Minh City to find a job. While he was working as a taxi driver, he met Anh, my grandmother. They loved each other at first sight and they got married two years later. Because of the beauty of Ho Chi Minh City, they decided to settle down here. There is interesting information that I want to tell you. After they had run a business successfully, my grandfather wanted to come back to Da Lat City with his wife to enjoy the rest of their life.
Tạm dịch:
Tôi muốn nói về ông nội của tôi. Ông sinh ra ở Thành phố Đà Lạt. Ngày sinh của ông là ngày 25 tháng 2 năm 1928. Thực ra ngày xưa kinh tế khó khăn nên ông không có điều kiện học hết. Do đó, ông đã ngừng học khi ông 16 tuổi. Ông ở nhà và giúp đỡ cha mẹ của mình trong trang trại. Năm 22 tuổi, ông bắt đầu vào TP.HCM để tìm việc làm. Trong khi ông đang làm tài xế taxi, ông ấy đã gặp Ánh, bà của tôi. Ông bà yêu nhau từ cái nhìn đầu tiên và họ kết hôn hai năm sau đó. Vì vẻ đẹp của thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, họ quyết định lập nghiệp tại đây. Có một thông tin thú vị mà tôi muốn nói với bạn. Sau khi làm ăn phát đạt, ông tôi muốn cùng vợ trở lại thành phố Đà Lạt để tận hưởng nốt quãng đời còn lại.