Cho n ϵ N*. Chứng minh:
a) \(1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< 2\)
b) \(1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}>2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-1\right)\)
K
Khách
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NM
14 tháng 6 2017
Áp dụng : \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}>2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+1>2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)+2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)+...+2\left(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}\right)+2\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)+2\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right).\)
\(=2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-1\right).\)
10 tháng 9 2017
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}.\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}}.\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+1-n}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}}.\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
30 tháng 6 2021
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{\left(n+1\right)^2n-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Do đó:
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
\(VT=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}< 1\) (đpcm)
HN
14 tháng 6 2017
a/ \(1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}=1+\dfrac{1}{2.2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n.n}\)
\(< 1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(=1+\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\)
\(=1+1-\dfrac{1}{n}=2-\dfrac{1}{n}< 2\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
20 tháng 1 2021
\(a=\lim\sqrt{n^3}\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{n^3}+\dfrac{2}{n^2}-1}=\infty.\left(-1\right)=-\infty\)
\(b=\lim\left(\sqrt{n^2+2n+3}-n+n-\sqrt[3]{n^2+n^3}\right)\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{2n+3}{\sqrt{n^2+2n+3}+n}+\lim\dfrac{-n^2}{n^2+n\sqrt[3]{n^2+n^3}+\sqrt[3]{\left(n^2+n^3\right)^2}}\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{2+\dfrac{3}{n}}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{2}{n}+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}+1}+\lim\dfrac{-1}{1+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{n}+1}+\sqrt[3]{\left(\dfrac{1}{n}+1\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(c=\lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{n}}+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\dfrac{3}{n}\right)}{\left(1+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{2}{n}\right)}=\dfrac{0.0}{1.1}=0\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
20 tháng 1 2021
\(d=\lim\dfrac{4-3\left(\dfrac{2}{4}\right)^n}{9.\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^n+\left(\dfrac{2}{4}\right)^n}=\dfrac{4}{0}=+\infty\)
\(e=\lim\dfrac{7-25\left(\dfrac{5}{7}\right)^n+3.\left(\dfrac{1}{7}\right)^n}{12.\left(\dfrac{6}{7}\right)^n-\left(\dfrac{3}{7}\right)^n+3\left(\dfrac{1}{7}\right)^n}=\dfrac{7}{0}=+\infty\)
\(f=\lim\dfrac{n^4-4n^6}{n\left(\sqrt{n^4+1}+\sqrt{4n^6+1}\right)}=\lim\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{n^2}-6}{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{n^6}+\dfrac{1}{n^{10}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{n^4}+\dfrac{1}{n^{10}}}}=\dfrac{-6}{0}=-\infty\)
AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
7 tháng 9 2018
Lời giải:
Với 2 số $a,b$ dương, ta luôn có BĐT quen thuộc sau:
\(a^3+b^3\geq ab(a+b)\)
Cách chứng minh rất đơn giản, biến đổi tương đương ta có:
\(a^3+b^3-ab(a+b)\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2(a-b)-b^2(a-b)\geq 0\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2(a+b)\geq 0\) (luôn đúng với mọi $a,b>0$)
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Áp dụng vào bài toán:
\((n+1)\sqrt{n+1}+n\sqrt{n}=(\sqrt{n})^3+(\sqrt{n+1})^3\geq \sqrt{n(n+1)}(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1})\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{(n+1)\sqrt{n+1}+n\sqrt{n}}< \frac{1}{\sqrt{n(n+1)}(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1})}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n(n+1)}(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n})}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n(n+1)}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}+1}< 1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}< \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
......
\(\frac{1}{(n+1)\sqrt{n+1}+n\sqrt{n}}< \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}< 1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Ta có đpcm.
24 tháng 5 2018
bai 1
(n+1)√n=√n^3+√n>2√(n^3.n)=2n^2>2(n^2-1)=2(n-1)(n+1)
1/[(n+1)√n]<1/[2(n-1)(n+1)]=1/4.[2/(n-1)(n+1)]
A=..
n =1 yes
n>1
A<1+1/4[2/1.3+2/3.5+..+2/(n-1)(n+1)
A<1+1/4[ 2-1/(n+1)]<1+1/2<2=>dpcm