Cho 15,3g BaO tác dụng với 250g dung dịch H2SO4 9,8%. Tính C% dung dịch thu đc
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\(BaO+H_2SO_4->BaSO_4+H_2O\\ BaO+H_2O->Ba\left(OH\right)_2\\ n_{BaO}=\dfrac{30,6}{153}=0,2mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,098\cdot\dfrac{50}{98}=0,05mol\\ BaOdư\left(0,15mol=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}\right)\\ C\%_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,15.171}{30,6+50-233.0,05}.100\%=37,2\%\)
\(BaO+H_2SO_4->BaSO_4+H_2O\\ n_{BaO}=\dfrac{30,6}{153}=0,2mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,098\cdot\dfrac{50}{98}=0,05mol\)
Vì acid hết, BaO dư nên C% dung dịch sau bằng 0%
a) \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theoo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b) \(m_{dd\left(sau\right)}=250+6,5-0,1.2=256,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{0.1.161}{256,3}.100\%\approx0,06\%\)
c) \(V_{dd}=m_{dd}.D=256,3.1,15\approx294\left(ml\right)=0,294\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_M=\dfrac{0,1}{0,294}=0,34M\)
\(n_{NaOH}=1.0,5=0,5(mol)\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4\to Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{9,8\%}=250(g)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{m_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}{250}.100\%=34,2\%\)
=> \(m_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=85,5\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{85,5}{171}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Ta lại có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{150}.100\%=4,9\%\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=7,35\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{7,35}{98}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH; Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 ---> BaSO4↓ + 2H2O
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,5}{1}>\dfrac{0,075}{1}\)
Vậy Ba(OH)2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{BaSO_4}=0,075.233=17,475\left(g\right)\)
b. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{BaSO_4}}=250+7,35=257,35\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{BaSO_4}}=\dfrac{17,475}{257,35}.100\%=6,79\%\)
\(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
0,1-------->0,3------------>0,1
b) \(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{9,8\%}.100\%=300\left(g\right)\)
c) \(m_{ddspu}=16+300=316\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Fe2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{0,1.400}{316}.100\%=12,66\%\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2|\)
1 1 1 1
0,3 0,3 0,3
a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H2SO4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{29,4.100}{9,8}=300\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(a,n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
LTL: \(0,2< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\) => HCl dư
Theo pthh: nH2 = nMg = 0,2 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
\(b,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,.05\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
LTL: 0,05 < 0,1 => H2SO4 dư
Theo pthh: nH2 = nFe = 0,05 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 (l)
\(c,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{14,95}{65}=0,23\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
LTL: \(0,23< \dfrac{0,6}{2}\) => HCl dư
Theo pthh: nH2 = nZn = 0,23 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,23.22,4 = 5,152 (l)
a, \(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=200.9,8\%=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 8 + 200 = 208 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.120}{208}.100\%\approx11,54\%\)
\(BaO+H_2SO_4->BaSO_4+H_2O\\ n_{BaO}=\dfrac{15,3}{153}=0,1mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,098\cdot\dfrac{250}{98}=0,25mol\\ H_2SO_4:dư\left(0,15mol\right)\\ C_{\%H_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{0,15.98}{15,3+250-233.0,1}.100\%=6,07\%\)
C% dung dịch thu được mà bạn