Cho a,b> 0 và ab =1.Tìm Min P=\(\dfrac{a^3}{1+b}\) + \(\dfrac{b^3}{1+a}\)
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Câu 1
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow N=ab+\dfrac{1}{16ab}+\dfrac{15}{16ab}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{16}}+\dfrac{15}{4\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{15}{4}=\dfrac{17}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Câu 2:
\(P=a+\dfrac{1}{a}+2b+\dfrac{8}{b}+3c+\dfrac{27}{c}+4\left(a+b+c\right)\\ P\ge2\sqrt{1}+2\sqrt{16}+2\sqrt{81}+4\cdot6=2+8+18+4=32\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\\c=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 3: Cho a,b,c là các số thuộc đoạn [ -1;2 ] thõa mãn \(a^2+b^2+c^2=6.\) CMR : \(a+b+c>0\) - Hoc24
ab=1
⇒ \(a=\dfrac{1}{b}\)
⇒ \(a^2=\dfrac{1}{b^2}\)
Thay vào P:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{b^2}}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{1}{b^2}+b^2}\)
\(=\left(b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)+\dfrac{2}{b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô Si cho 2 số dương
⇒ \(P\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\left(b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right).\dfrac{2}{b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}}}\)
\(=2\sqrt{2}\)
Min P= \(2\sqrt{2}\) ⇔ \(b^2=\dfrac{1}{b^2}\) ⇔b=1
Giải:
Ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2=\) \(\left[\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+d\right)\right]^2\)
\(\ge4\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)\) \(=4\left(ab+bc+cd+da\right)\)\(=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+d\) \(\ge2\left(a,b,c,d>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{b+c+d}{8}\) \(+\dfrac{b}{6}+\dfrac{1}{12}\ge\dfrac{2a}{3}\)
Tương tự ta cũng có:
\(\dfrac{b^3}{a+c+d}+\dfrac{a+c+d}{8}+\dfrac{b}{6}+\dfrac{1}{12}\) \(\ge\dfrac{2b}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{c^3}{a+b+d}+\dfrac{a+b+d}{8}+\dfrac{c}{6}+\dfrac{1}{12}\) \(\ge\dfrac{2c}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{d^3}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{8}+\dfrac{d}{6}+\dfrac{1}{12}\) \(\ge\dfrac{2d}{3}\)
Cộng vế theo vế các BĐT trên ta có:
\(P\ge\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}\ge\) \(\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Lời giải:
\(P=\frac{3}{ab+bc+ac}+\frac{5}{(a+b+c)^2-2(ab+bc+ac)}=\frac{3}{ab+bc+ac}+\frac{5}{1-2(ab+bc+ac)}\)
\(=\frac{3}{x}+\frac{5}{1-2x}\) với $x=ab+bc+ac$
Theo BĐT AM-GM:
$1=(a+b+c)^2\geq 3(ab+bc+ac)$
$\Rightarrow x=ab+bc+ac\leq \frac{1}{3}$
Vậy ta cần tìm min $P=\frac{3}{x}+\frac{5}{1-2x}$ với $0< x\leq \frac{1}{3}$
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$(\frac{3}{x}+\frac{5}{1-2x})[2x+(1-2x)]\geq (\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5})^2$
$\Leftrightarrow P\geq (\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5})^2=11+2\sqrt{30}$
Vậy $P_{\min}=11+2\sqrt{30}$
Giá trị này đạt tại $x=3-\sqrt{\frac{15}{2}}$
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}\geq \frac{4}{2ab+a^2+b^2}=\frac{4}{a+b)^2}=4(1)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(1=a+b\geq 2\sqrt{ab}\Rightarrow ab\leq \frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow \frac{3}{2ab}\geq 6(2)\)
\(a^4+b^4\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2)^2}{2}\geq \frac{(\frac{(a+b)^2}{2})^2}{2}=\frac{1}{8}\) \(\Rightarrow \frac{a^4+b^4}{2}\geq \frac{1}{16}(3)\)
Từ \((1);(2);(3)\Rightarrow P\geq 4+6+\frac{1}{16}=\frac{161}{16}\)
Vậy \(P_{\min}=\frac{161}{16}\). Dấu bằng xảy ra tại $a=b=0,5$
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(2\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)\geq 2. \frac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}=\frac{8}{(x+y)^2}=\frac{9}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{80}{81xy}+5xy\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{80}{81}.5}=\frac{40}{9}\)
\(\frac{4}{3}=a+b\geq 2\sqrt{ab}\Rightarrow ab\leq \frac{4}{9}\Rightarrow \frac{1}{81ab}\geq \frac{1}{36}\)
Cộng những BĐT vừa cm được ở trên với nhau:
\(\Rightarrow A\geq \frac{9}{2}+\frac{40}{9}+\frac{1}{36}=\frac{323}{36}\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=\frac{323}{36}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{2}{3}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
$P=\frac{18}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{10}{2ab}\geq \frac{(\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{10})^2}{a^2+b^2+2ab}$
$=\frac{(\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{10})^2}{(a+b)^2}=(\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{10})^2=28+12\sqrt{5}$
Vậy $P_{\min}=28+12\sqrt{5}$
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}+\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}\)
\(=(a+1)-\frac{b^2(a+1)}{b^2+1}+(b+1)-\frac{c^2(b+1)}{c^2+1}+(c+1)-\frac{a^2(c+1)}{a^2+1}\)
\(=(a+b+c+3)-\underbrace{\left(\frac{b^2(a+1)}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2(b+1)}{c^2+1}+\frac{a^2(c+1)}{a^2+1}\right)}_{M}\)
\(=6-\underbrace{\left(\frac{b^2(a+1)}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2(b+1)}{c^2+1}+\frac{a^2(c+1)}{a^2+1}\right)}_{M}(*)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(M\leq \frac{b^2(a+1)}{2b}+\frac{c^2(b+1)}{2c}+\frac{a^2(c+1)}{2a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\leq \frac{a+b+c+ab+bc+ac}{2}=\frac{3+ab+bc+ac}{2}\)
Theo hệ quả quen thuộc của BĐT AM-GM:
\(3(ab+bc+ac)\leq (a+b+c)^2=9\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac\leq 3\)
Do đó: \(M\leq \frac{3+3}{2}=3(**)\)
Từ \((*); (**)\Rightarrow A\geq 6-3=3\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=3\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab=4\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(P=\dfrac{a^4}{a+ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{b+ab}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{a+b+2ab}=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{a+b+2}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2.2ab}{a+b+2}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b+2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b+2}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+3ab}{a+b+2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+1+2}{a+b+2}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2.1}+2}{a+b+2}=\dfrac{a+b+2}{a+b+2}=1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)