Cho A=1-\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\).Chứng minh A>\(\frac{7}{12}\)
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Bài 2)
Ta có \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
Xét \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ad< ab+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( thỏa mãn đề bài )
Vậy \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\) (1)
Xét \(\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( thỏa mãn đề bài )
Vậy \(\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (đpcm)
\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{2013+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}\)
Đặt \(B=2013+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\)
\(=\left(2013-2013\right)\left(\frac{2013}{2}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2014}+1\right)\)
\(=0+\frac{2015}{2}+\frac{2015}{3}+...+\frac{2015}{2014}\)
\(=2015\cdot\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)\)
Thay B vào A ta được:
\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{2015\cdot\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2015}\)
Vậy \(A=\frac{1}{2015}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2^2}=\frac{1}{2.2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}\); \(\frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4}\); ......... ; \(\frac{1}{2014^2}< \frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+........+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+.........+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2014}=\frac{2013}{2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{2013}{2014}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Xét Tử số của A ta có:
\(2014+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+....+\frac{2}{2013}=1+\left(\frac{2013}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2012}{3}+1\right)+....+\left(\frac{1}{2014}+1\right)\)\(TS=\frac{2015}{2}+\frac{2015}{3}+....+\frac{2015}{2014}+\frac{2015}{2015}\)
\(TS=2015.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{2015}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{2015.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2015}\right)}{\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{2015}\right)}=2015\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{2014}{1}+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+..+\frac{2}{2013}+\frac{1}{2014}\)
\(=\left(\frac{2013}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2012}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{2}{2013}+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2014}+1\right)+1\)
\(=\frac{2015}{2}+\frac{2015}{3}+...+\frac{2015}{2013}+\frac{2015}{2014}+\frac{2015}{2015}\)
\(=2015\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2013}+\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}\right)\)
Do đó: \(A=\frac{2015\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2013}+\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}}=2015\)
gọi dãy số trên là A
ta có A<\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
A<1-\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\)
A<1-\(\frac{1}{2014}\)=\(\frac{2013}{2014}\)
Vậy A < \(\frac{2013}{2014}\)
A = 1 - 1/2014 = 2013/2014
Mà 2013/2014 > 7/12 nên A > 7/12
Làm tắt thông cảm
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