a,b,c>1, c/m: \(\frac{a^2}{b-1}+\frac{b^2}{c-1}+\frac{c^2}{a-1}\)>=12
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\(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{3}\Rightarrow3+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge4\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-3\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\le1\)
\(\sum\frac{1}{a+a+a+a+b+c}\le\frac{1}{36}\sum\left(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=3\)
Cần CM: \(\frac{1}{9-a}-\frac{12}{a^2+63}\ge\frac{1}{144}a^2-\frac{1}{16}\) (1)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2+12a-45}{\left(9-a\right)\left(a^2+63\right)}\ge\frac{1}{144}a^2-\frac{1}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(144\left(a^2+12a-45\right)\ge\left(a-3\right)\left(a+3\right)\left(9-a\right)\left(a^2+63\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a-3\right)\left[144\left(a+15\right)-\left(a+3\right)\left(9-a\right)\left(a^2+63\right)\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a-3\right)\left(a^4-6a^3+36a^2-234a+459\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a-3\right)^2\left(a^3-3a^2+27a+153\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a-3\right)^2\left[\left(a-3\right)^2\left(a+3\right)+36a+126\right]\ge0\) ( đúng )
Do đó (1) đúng => \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{9-a}-\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{12}{a^2+63}\ge\frac{1}{144}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\frac{3}{16}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{12}{a^2+63}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{9-a}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{a+b}\) ( do \(a+b+c\le9\) )
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=3
Chắc là số thực ko âm không có 2 số nào đồng thời bằng 0
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)
\(c-b\le0\Rightarrow b^2+c\left(c-b\right)\le b^2\ge\frac{1}{b^2-bc+c^2}\ge\frac{1}{b^2}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{a^2-ca+c^2}\ge\frac{1}{a^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{1}{a^2-ab+b^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}=\frac{1}{a^2-ab+b^2}+\frac{a^2+b^2}{\left(ab\right)^2}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{1}{a^2-ab+b^2}+\frac{a^2-ab+b^2}{\left(ab\right)^2}+\frac{1}{ab}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2-ab+b^2}{\left(ab\right)^2\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{ab}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{3}{ab}\ge\frac{12}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{12}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b>0\\c=0\end{matrix}\right.\) và hoán vị
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{a+b}\frac{1}{b+c}}=2\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\ge\frac{4}{a+2b+c}\)
Tương tự có: \(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\ge\frac{4}{a+2c+b}\)
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\ge\frac{4}{b+2a+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{c+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\ge2\left(\frac{1}{b+2a+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{b+2c+a}\right)\)
Ta CM: \(\frac{1}{b+2a+c}\ge\frac{6}{a^2+63}\). Thật vậy:
\(\frac{1}{b+2a+c}\ge\frac{6}{a^2+63}\)\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+63\ge6b+12a+6c\)\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+b^2+c^2+36-6b-12a-6c\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a-3\right)^2+\left(b-3\right)^2+\left(c-3\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng)
Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> a=b=c=3
Vậy \(\frac{1}{b+2a+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{b+2c+a}\ge\frac{6}{a^2+63}+\frac{6}{b^2+63}+\frac{6}{c^2+63}\)
=> đpcm
Lời giải:
Lớp 8 thì chắc bạn học BĐT Bunhiacopxky rồi.
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)(1+1+1)\geq \left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow 3+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=12\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\geq 4\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=x\Rightarrow 3+x\geq 4x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 4x^2-x-3\leq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (4x+3)(x-1)\leq 0\Rightarrow x\leq 1\) hay \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\leq 1(*)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)(a+a+a+a+b+c)\geq (1+1+1+1+1+1)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{4}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\geq \frac{36}{4a+b+c}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\geq \frac{36}{a+4b+c}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\geq \frac{36}{a+b+4c}\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT vừa thu được ở trên và rút gọn:
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{4a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+4b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+4c}\leq \frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\leq \frac{1}{6}.1=\frac{1}{6}\) (theo $(*)$)
Vậy ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=3$
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
+) cm: \(\frac{1}{a^2+1}=1-\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}\ge1-\frac{a^2}{2a}=1-\frac{a}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{b^2+1}\ge1-\frac{b}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{c^2+1}\ge1-\frac{c}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}\ge3-\frac{a+b+c}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1
Câu hỏi của Ngoc An Pham - Toán lớp 9 | Học trực tuyến
bạn giải thích cặn kẽ hơn giúp mình cách làm đấy đc ko ? ( Giải đc theo cách lớp 8 thì càng tốt nhé !! )
\(\frac{a^2}{b-1}+4\left(b-1\right)\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b-1}.4\left(b-1\right)}=4a\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b-1}\ge4a-4\left(b-1\right)=4a-4b+4\)
Tương tự \(\frac{b^2}{c-1}\ge4b-4c+4;\frac{c^2}{a-1}\ge4c-4a+4\)
Cộng theo vế: \(\frac{a^2}{b-1}+\frac{b^2}{c-1}+\frac{c^2}{a-1}\ge4a-4b+4b-4c+4c-4a+12=12\)
"L.I.K.E nhé!" :)