cho x+y=4. Tìm GTNN của x^4+ y^4
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Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{y+z-4}=a>0\\\sqrt{z+x-4}=b>0\\\sqrt{x+y-4}=c>0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2+4}{2}\\y=\dfrac{c^2+a^2-b^2+4}{2}\\z=\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2+4}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\).
\(2P=\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2+4}{a}+\dfrac{c^2+a^2-b^2+4}{b}+\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2+4}{c}=\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}+\dfrac{b^2}{a}+\dfrac{c^2}{b}+\dfrac{a^2}{c}+\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{4}{c}-a-b-c\).
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}=\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+b\right)+\left(\dfrac{b^2}{c}+c\right)+\left(\dfrac{c^2}{a}+a\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)\ge2a+2b+2c-a-b-c=a+b+c\).
Tương tự, \(\dfrac{b^2}{a}+\dfrac{c^2}{b}+\dfrac{a^2}{c}\ge a+b+c\).
Do đó \(2P\ge a+b+c+\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{4}{c}=\left(a+\dfrac{4}{a}\right)+\left(b+\dfrac{4}{b}\right)+\left(c+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)\ge4+4+4=12\Rightarrow P\ge6\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 2 hay x = y = z = 4.
Vậy Min P = 6 khi x = y = z = 4.
\(P=\dfrac{4x}{2.2.\sqrt{y+z-4}}+\dfrac{4y}{2.2.\sqrt{x+z-4}}+\dfrac{4z}{2.2.\sqrt{x+y-4}}\)
\(P\ge4\left(\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}\right)\ge4.\dfrac{3}{2}=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=4\)
Đặt \(x=\sqrt{10}sin^2a\); \(y=\sqrt{10}cos^2a\)
(Lúc đó: \(x+y=\sqrt{10}\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)=\sqrt{10}\))
Lúc đó: \(K=\left(1+100sin^8a\right)\left(1+100cos^8a\right)\)
\(=10^4sin^8acos^8a+200sin^4acos^4a-400sin^2acos^2a+101\)
Đặt \(sin^2acos^2a=l\)
\(\Rightarrow K=f\left(l\right)=10^4l^4+200l^2-400l+101\)
\(\Rightarrow K_{min}=f\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)=45\)
\(\dfrac{x^3}{4\left(y+2\right)}+\dfrac{x\left(y+2\right)}{16}\ge\dfrac{x^2}{4}\) ; \(\dfrac{y^3}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{y\left(x+2\right)}{16}\ge\dfrac{y^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q+\dfrac{2xy+2x+2y}{16}\ge\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{4}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)}{8}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{\left(x+y-4\right)^2+7\left(x+y\right)-16}{8}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge\dfrac{7\left(x+y\right)-16}{8}-\dfrac{1}{2}\ge\dfrac{14\sqrt{xy}-16}{8}-\dfrac{1}{2}=1\)
\(Q_{min}=1\) khi \(x=y=2\)
Ta có đẳng thức:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)
\(A=x^4+y^4+z^4\ge x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\ge\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_A=\frac{1}{3}\)khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
hoặc bạn áp dụng hệ thức holder á
Ta có:
\(x^4+y^4+z^4\ge x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\)
Mặt khác:
\(\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2=1\le3\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3}\le\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)\)
hay \(x^4+y^4+z^4\ge\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(Min_A=\frac{1}{3}\)khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Bạn tham khảo:
Cho x,y > 0 và \(x+y=\sqrt{10}\) Tìm GTNN của : \(A=\left(1+x^4\right)\left(1+y^4\right)\) - Hoc24