cho a,b,c dương CMR
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)>=9\)
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Áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki ta có :
\(\left(1+1+1\right)\left[\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(c+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\right]\ge\left(a+\frac{1}{a}+b+\frac{1}{b}+c+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(c+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{3}\)
\(=\frac{\left(1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{3}\)
Ta lại có : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)(bđt quen thuộc; tự cm)
Nên \(\frac{\left(1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(1+\frac{9}{a+b+c}\right)^2}{3}=\frac{10^2}{3}=\frac{100}{3}>\frac{99}{3}=33\)
Hay \(\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(c+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2>33\)(đpcm)
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+abc\)
\(=abc+a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+b^2c+bc^2+abc+abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)( phân tích nhân tử các kiểu )
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\left(1\right)\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow-abc\ge\frac{-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
Khi đó:\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
\(=\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) có đpcm
Ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\frac{a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\right]\\=\left[\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{c}\right)^2\right]\left[\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{b+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{b}}{b+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{c}}{a+c}\right)^2\right]\ge\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\)
Mà ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\) (BĐT Nesbit)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\ge\frac{9}{4}\\ \Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\frac{a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\right]\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{9}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\frac{a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\right]\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{b+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{b}{c+a}\right)^2+\left(\frac{c}{a+b}\right)^2+\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{b+c}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}+\left(\frac{b}{c+a}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}+\left(\frac{c}{a+b}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}+\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\ge2\cdot\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{9}{4}\) ( dpcm )
Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{a\left(a+1\right)}{8}+\frac{a\left(b+1\right)}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}{64\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS+\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca+2\left(a+b+c\right)}{8}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}{8}\)
\(\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}-\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{4}\)
Có ý tưởng đến đây thôi nhưng lại bị ngược dấu rồi :(
BĐT <=> \(\frac{a\left(c+1\right)+b\left(a+1\right)+c\left(b+1\right)}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(\frac{ab+bc+ac+a+b+c}{abc+1+ab+bc+ac+a+c+b}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(4\left(ab+bc+ac+a+b+c\right)\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac+a+b+c+2\right)\)
<=> \(ab+bc+ac+a+b+c\ge6\)(1)
(1) luôn đúng do \(ab+bc+ac\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=3;a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\)
=> BĐT được CM
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Biến đổi tương đương ta có :
\(\frac{a}{\left(a+1\right).\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(b+1\right).\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{c}{\left(c+1\right).\left(a+1\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4.a.\left(c+1\right)+4.b.\left(a+1\right)+4.c.\left(b+1\right)\ge3.\left(a+1\right).\left(b+1\right).\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4.\left(a+b+c\right)+4.\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\ge3.a.b.c+3.\left(a+b+c\right)+3.\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\ge6\)
Sử dụng thêm bất đẳng thức Cauchy 3 số ta có :
a+b+c \(\ge\)3.\(\sqrt[3]{abc}\)và ab + bc + ca \(\ge3.\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
Vậy bất đẳng thức đã được chứng minh . Dấu bằng xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a= b= c =1
Mình áp dụng BĐT AM-GM đến dòng
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca+a+b\ge6\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho 3 số dương ta được
\(ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[2]{\left(abc\right)^2}=3;a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[2]{abc}=3\)
Cộng từng vế BĐT ta được (1). Do vậy BĐT ban đầu được chứng minh
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
Biến đối tương đương ta có:
\(\frac{a}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{c}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a\left(c+1\right)+4b\left(a+1\right)+4c\left(b+1\right)\ge3\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a+b+c\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge3abc+3\left(a+b+c\right)+3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\ge6\)
Sử dụng thêm BĐT Cauchy 3 số ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\\ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=3\end{cases}}\)
Vậy BĐT đã được chứng minh. Dấu "=" <=> a=b=c=1
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\)(\(\frac{1}{a}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{b}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{c}\))\(=\)\(1+\frac{a}{b}\)\(+\)\(\frac{a}{c}\)\(+1\)\(\frac{b}{c}\)\(+\)\(\frac{b}{a}\)\(+1\)\(+\frac{c}{b}\)\(+\frac{c}{a}\)
\(=\)\(3\)\(+\)(\(\frac{a}{b}\)\(+\frac{b}{a}\))\(+\)\(\frac{c}{b}\)\(+\)\(\frac{b}{c}\))\(+\)(\(\frac{a}{c}\)\(+\)\(\frac{c}{a}\))
\(mà\)\(\frac{a}{b}\)\(+ \)\(\frac{b}{a}\)\(>=2\)\(;\)\(\frac{b}{c}\)\(+\)\(\frac{c}{b}\)\(>=2\)\(;\)\(\frac{a}{c}\)\(+\)\(\frac{c}{a}\)\(>=2\)( cái này bạn tự chứng minh được)
\(=>\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\)(\(\frac{1}{a}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{b}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{c}\)) \(>=3+2+2+2\)
\(=>\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\)(\(\frac{1}{a}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{b}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{c}\)) \(>=9\)(\(luôn\)\(đúng\)\(với\)\(mọi\)\(a,b,c\)\(dương\))
\(k\)\(cho\)\(mình\)\(nha\)\(các\)\(bạn\), \(mình\)\(k\)\(lại\)\(cho\)\(nhé\)
\(chúc\)\(các\)\(bạn\)\(học\)\(tốt\)
Áp dụng Cachy cho 3 số ra ngay kết quả em nhé!
hoặc cách 2: ÁP dụng BUN cho 3 số
\(\left(\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{c}\right)^2\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}^2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}^2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}^2}\right)\ge\)
\(\left(\sqrt{a}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{b}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{c}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\right)^2=3^2=9\)