Cho a,b,c>0.Chứng minh:
\(\frac{a^3}{bc}+\frac{b^3}{ac}+\frac{c^3}{ab}\ge a+b+c\)
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1) \(\Sigma\frac{a}{b^3+ab}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{a+b^2}\right)\ge\Sigma\frac{1}{a}-\Sigma\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}}+1\right)+\Sigma\frac{3}{2\sqrt{a}}-3\)
\(\ge\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}-1\right)^2+\frac{27}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}-3\ge\frac{27}{2\sqrt{3\left(a+b+c\right)}}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng Svac + Cô-si 3 số được
\(\frac{a^5}{bc}+\frac{b^5}{ca}+\frac{c^5}{ab}=\frac{a^6}{abc}+\frac{b^6}{abc}+\frac{c^6}{abc}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{3abc}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=VP\left(đpcm\right)\)
"=" tại a = b = c
Vì a, b, c > 0
Ta có \(ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\frac{3^2}{3}=3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel
\(VT=\frac{1}{1+ab}+\frac{1}{1+bc}+\frac{1}{1+ca}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{3+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{9}{3+3}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c\\\frac{1}{1+ab}=\frac{1}{1+bc}=\frac{1}{1+ca}\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(a=b=c\)
4.
\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}=\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=ab+bc+ca\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
5.
\(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{bc.ca}}=\frac{2}{c}\) ; \(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{2}{b}\) ; \(\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{2}{a}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
1.
Áp dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{ab}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{bc}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{ca}\right)^2\ge\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}.\sqrt{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge\sqrt{abc}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
2.
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2\sqrt[]{\frac{ab.bc}{ca}}=2b\) ; \(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2a\) ; \(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2c\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge a+b+c\)
3.
Từ câu b, thay \(c=1\) ta được:
\(ab+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\ge a+b+1\)
\(a+b+c=6abc\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ac}+\frac{1}{bc}=6\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{a}=x\\\frac{1}{b}=y\\\frac{1}{c}=z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow xy+xz+yz=6\)
\(P=\sum\frac{\frac{1}{yz}}{\frac{1}{x^3}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{2}{y}\right)}=\sum\frac{x^3}{y+2z}=\sum\frac{x^4}{xy+2xz}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+xz+yz\right)}\ge\frac{\left(xy+xz+yz\right)^2}{3\left(xy+xz+yz\right)}=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(b^2+3=b^2+ab+bc+ca=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
Tương tự với các mẫu thức khác, ta có :
\(P=\frac{a^3}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{b^3}{\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^3}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy :
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{b+c}{8}+\frac{a+b}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}{64\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
Tương tự ta có :
\(\frac{b^3}{\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c+a}{8}+\frac{b+c}{8}\ge\frac{3b}{4}\)
\(\frac{c^3}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{c+a}{8}+\frac{a+b}{8}\ge\frac{3c}{4}\)
Cộng theo vế của các bđt ta được :
\(P+2\left(\frac{a+b}{8}+\frac{b+c}{8}+\frac{c+a}{8}\right)\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}-\left(\frac{a+b}{4}+\frac{b+c}{4}+\frac{c+a}{4}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}-\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{a+b+c}{4}\)
Ta có bđt quen thuộc : \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=3\cdot3=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge3\)
Do đó \(P\ge\frac{3}{4}\)( đpcm )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}=\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac}=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=ab+bc+ac\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+ac+bc}\ge\frac{\left(ab+ac+bc\right)^2}{ab+ac+bc}=ab+ac+bc\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)