cho \(\left(a^2-bc\right)\left(b-abc\right)=\left(b^2-ac\right)\left(a-abc\right)\) với điều kiện abc # 0 và a # b
chứng minh rằng \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=a+b+c\)
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KB
2 tháng 4 2022
Dễ dàng c/m : \(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}=1\)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+4}\le\dfrac{1}{a+b+4}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}\right)\)
Suy ra : \(\Sigma\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+4}\le2.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}.1=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
" = " \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
17 tháng 4 2021
Theo nguyên lý Dirichlet, trong 3 số a;b;c luôn có ít nhất 2 số cùng phía so với 1
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử đó là a và b
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+1\ge a+b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+1\right)\ge\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{2}{2\left(ab+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}=\dfrac{c}{\left(c+1\right)^2}\)
Lại có:
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}}+1.1\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}+1\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(\dfrac{b}{a}+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{ab+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{1}{ab+1}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(c+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{c}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(c+1\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{c}{c+1}+\dfrac{c+1}{\left(c+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{c\left(c+1\right)+c+1}{\left(c+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(c+1\right)^2}{\left(c+1\right)^2}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
27 tháng 12 2020
\(\left(a^2-bc\right)\left(b-abc\right)=\left(b^2-ca\right)\left(a-abc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ab^2c^2-a^3bc-b^2c=b^2a+a^2bc^2-ca^2-ab^3c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b-ab^2-b^2c+ca^2=a^2bc^2-ab^3c+a^3bc-ab^2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=abc\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=abc\left(a+b+c\right)\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
23 tháng 9 2021
Ta có: \(a+b+c+\sqrt{abc}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow4a+4b+4c+4\sqrt{abc}=16\)
\(\Rightarrow4a+4\sqrt{abc}=16-4b-4c\)
\(\sqrt{a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)}=\sqrt{a\left(16-4b-4c+bc\right)}=\sqrt{a\left(4a+4\sqrt{abc}+bc\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{4a^2+4a\sqrt{abc}+abc}=\sqrt{\left(2a+\sqrt{abc}\right)^2}=\left|2a+\sqrt{abc}\right|=2a+\sqrt{abc}\)
Tương tự:
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{b\left(4-a\right)\left(4-c\right)}=2b+\sqrt{abc}\\\sqrt{c\left(4-a\right)\left(4-b\right)}=2c+\sqrt{abc}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(4-c\right)\left(4-a\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(4-a\right)\left(4-b\right)}-\sqrt{abc}=2a+2b+2c+3\sqrt{abc}-\sqrt{abc}=2\left(a+b+c+\sqrt{abc}\right)=8\)
23 tháng 9 2021
Ta có \(\sqrt{a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)}=\sqrt{a\left(a+c+\sqrt{abc}\right)\left(4-c\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(a^2+ac+a\sqrt{abc}\right)\left(4-c\right)}\\ =\sqrt{4a^2+ac\left(4-\sqrt{abc}-a-c\right)+4a\sqrt{abc}}\\ =\sqrt{4a^2+4a\sqrt{abc}+abc}=\sqrt{\left(2a+\sqrt{abc}\right)^2}\\ =2a+\sqrt{abc}\left(a,b,c>0\right)\)
Cmtt \(\sqrt{b\left(4-c\right)\left(4-a\right)}=2b+\sqrt{abc};\sqrt{c\left(4-b\right)\left(4-a\right)}=2c+\sqrt{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2\left(a+b+c\right)+3\sqrt{abc}-\sqrt{abc}=2\left(a+b+c\right)+2\sqrt{abc}\\ A=2\left(a+b+c+\sqrt{abc}\right)=2\cdot4=8\)
3 tháng 3 2020
Bài 1 :
Ta có : \(ab+bc+ac=abc+a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab-abc+bc-b+ac-a-c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab-abc+bc-b+ac-a+1-c=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(1-c\right)+b\left(c-1\right)+a\left(c-1\right)+\left(1-c\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(1-c\right)-b\left(1-c\right)-a\left(1-c\right)+\left(1-c\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-c\right)\left(ab-a-b+1\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)=1\)
Ta có thế đặt \(x=1-a;y=1-b;z=1-c\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
Nhưng trong đẳng thức cần chứng minh theo \(x;y;z\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Thế \(a=1-x;b=1-y;c=1-z\) vào được :
\(\frac{1}{3+ab-\left(2a+b\right)}=\frac{1}{3+\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)-2\left(1-x\right)-\left(1-y\right)}=\frac{1}{1+x+xy}\)
Tương tự :
\(\frac{1}{3+ab-\left(2b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{3+\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)-2\left(1-y\right)-\left(1-z\right)}=\frac{1}{1+y+yz}\)
\(\frac{1}{3+ac-\left(2c+a\right)}=\frac{1}{3+\left(1-x\right)\left(1-z\right)-2\left(1-z\right)-\left(1-x\right)}=\frac{1}{1+z+zx}\)
Theo gt ta có xyz =1
\(\Rightarrow VT=\frac{1}{1+x+xy}+\frac{1}{1+y+yz}+\frac{1}{1+z+zx}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1+x+xy}+\frac{x}{x+xy+xyz}+\frac{xy}{xy+xyz+x^2yz}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1+x+xy}+\frac{x}{x+xy+1}+\frac{xy}{xy+1+x}\)
\(=\frac{1+x+xy}{1+x+xy}=1=VP\)
3 tháng 3 2020
Bài 2 :
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
Cộng theo vế ta được :
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\ge\frac{3+3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+1+1\ge\frac{3\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}+1\right)}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\ge\frac{3\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}+1\right)}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\ge3\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\ge\sqrt[3]{abc}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\ge\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}+1\right)^3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!