giải phương trình \(\sqrt[3]{14-x^3}=2\sqrt{x^2-2x-1}+2-x\)
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a) \(\sqrt {2{x^2} - 14} = x - 1\quad \left( 1 \right)\)
ĐK: \(x - 1 \ge 0\,\, \Leftrightarrow \,\,x \ge 1.\)
\( \Rightarrow \) TXĐ: \(D = \left[ {1; + \infty } \right)\)
\(\begin{array}{l}\left( 1 \right)\,\, \Leftrightarrow \,\,{\left( {\sqrt {2{x^2} - 14} } \right)^2} = {\left( {x - 1} \right)^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\,2{x^2} - 14 = {x^2} - 2x + 1\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\,{x^2} + 2x - 15 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\,\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{x = 3}\\{x = - 5}\end{array}} \right.\end{array}\)
Nhận thấy \(x = 3\) thỏa mãn điều kiện
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình \(\left( 1 \right)\) là: \(x = 3\)
b) \(\sqrt { - {x^2} - 5x + 2} = \sqrt {{x^2} - 2x - 3} \quad \left( 2 \right)\)
ĐK: \(\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{ - {x^2} - 5x + 2 \ge 0}\\{{x^2} - 2x - 3 \ge 0}\end{array}} \right.\,\, \Leftrightarrow \,\,\frac{{ - 5 - \sqrt {33} }}{2} \le x \le - 1.\)
\( \Rightarrow \) TXĐ: \(D = \left[ {\frac{{ - 5 - \sqrt {33} }}{2}; - 1} \right].\)
\(\begin{array}{l}\left( 2 \right)\,\, \Leftrightarrow \,\,{\left( {\sqrt { - {x^2} - 5x + 2} } \right)^2} = {\left( {\sqrt {{x^2} - 2x - 3} } \right)^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\, - {x^2} - 5x + 2 = {x^2} - 2x - 3\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\,2{x^2} + 3x - 5 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\,\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{x = 1}\\{x = - \frac{5}{2}}\end{array}} \right.\end{array}\)
Nhận thấy \(x = - \frac{5}{2}\) thỏa mãn điều kiện
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình \(\left( 2 \right)\) là: \(x = - \frac{5}{2}\)
ĐKXĐ \(x^2-2x-1\ge0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-2x-1}=a,\sqrt[3]{x^3-14}=b\left(a>0\right)\)
=> \(b^3-6a^2=x^3-14-6x^2+12x+6=x^3-6x^2+12x-8=\left(x-2\right)^3\)
Khi đó phương trình tương đương
\(2a+b=\sqrt[3]{b^3-6a^2}\)
<=>:\(\left(2a+b\right)^3=b^3-6a^2\)
<=>\(8a^3+6a^2+12a^2b+6ab^2=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a=0\\4a^2+3a+6ab+3b^2=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Phương trình (2)
<=>\(3\left(a+b\right)^2+a^2+3a=0\)
Mà \(a\ge0\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=0\\b=0\end{cases}}\)(vô nghiệm)
+a=0
=> \(x^2-2x-1=0\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{\sqrt{2}+1;-\sqrt{2}+1\right\}\)
a) ĐK: \(x\ge3\)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}\left(\sqrt{x-3}-1\right)+\sqrt{x+1}\left(1-\sqrt{x-3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{x-3}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2}=\sqrt{x+1}\\\sqrt{x-3}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=x+1\\x-3=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=4\) (Thỏa mãn)
Vậy ...
a) Ta có: \(\sqrt{25x+75}+3\sqrt{x-2}=2\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{9x-18}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\sqrt{x+3}+3\sqrt{x-2}=2\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{x-2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{25x+75}=\sqrt{4x-8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow25x-4x=-8-75\)
\(\Leftrightarrow21x=-83\)
hay \(x=-\dfrac{83}{21}\)
b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)^2}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-1\right|=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=4\\2x-1=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=5\\2x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Ta có: \(\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=3x-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+1\right|=3x-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=3x-5\left(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\2x+1=5-3x\left(x< \dfrac{1}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3x=-5-1\\2x+3x=5-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\left(nhận\right)\\x=\dfrac{4}{5}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) Ta có: \(\sqrt{4x-12}-14\sqrt{\dfrac{x-2}{49}}=\sqrt{9x-18}+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-3}-2\sqrt{x-2}=3\sqrt{x-2}+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-3}-5\sqrt{x-2}=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x-3\right)+25\left(x-2\right)-20\sqrt{x^2-5x+6}=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x-12+25x-50-8=20\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow20\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}=29x-70\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+6=\dfrac{\left(29x-70\right)^2}{400}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+6=\dfrac{841}{400}x^2-\dfrac{203}{20}x+\dfrac{49}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-441}{400}x^2+\dfrac{103}{20}x-\dfrac{25}{4}=0\)
\(\Delta=\left(\dfrac{103}{20}\right)^2-4\cdot\dfrac{-441}{400}\cdot\dfrac{-25}{4}=-\dfrac{26}{25}\)(Vô lý)
vậy: Phương trình vô nghiệm
1.
ĐKXĐ: ...
\(x^2-x+2=1\sqrt{x^2+x-1}+1\sqrt{x-x^2+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-x+2\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+x^2+x-1\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+x-x^2+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x+1\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
Thử lại ta thấy thỏa mãn
b.
ĐKXĐ: ...
Ta có:
\(VP=3\left(x-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(VT=1\sqrt{2x-3}+1\sqrt{5-2x}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+2x-3\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+5-2x\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le VP\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\1=2x-3\\1=5-2x\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(1,\sqrt{x+2+4\sqrt{x-2}}=5\left(x\ge2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2}+4\right)^2}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}+4=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=1\Leftrightarrow x=3\\ 2,\sqrt{x+3+4\sqrt{x-1}}=2\left(x\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+4\right)^2}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+4=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\left(\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\right)\)
\(3,\sqrt{x+\sqrt{2x-1}}=\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2};x\ne1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{2x-1}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=-\sqrt{2x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4=2x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4,\sqrt{x-2+\sqrt{2x-5}}=3\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-4+2\sqrt{2x-5}}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+1\right)^2}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}+1=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-5=25\Leftrightarrow x=15\left(TM\right)\)