Tìm GTNN của biểu thức
A=x2+2x+3
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\(a,-x^2+2x+5=-\left(x^2-2x-5\right)=-\left(x^2-2x+1-6\right)=-\left(x-1\right)^2+6\le6\)
dấu'=' xảy ra<=>x=1=>Max A=6
\(b,B=-x^2-y^2+4x+4y+2=-x^2+4x-4-y^2+4x-4+10\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-\left(y^2-4x+4\right)+10\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(y-2\right)^2+10=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\right]+10\le10\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=y=2=>Max B=10
\(c,C=x^2+y^2-2x+6y+12=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+2\ge2\)
dấu'=' xảy ra<=>x=1,y=-3=>MinC=2
\(A=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-3=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\\ A_{min}=-3\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Biểu thức A ko có max
\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x-y\right)+1+y^2-8y+16-17\\ A=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-16\ge17\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=17\leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
A= x2+2y2-2xy-2x-2y+1015
A = x2 - 2xy - 2x + y2 + 2y + 1 + y2 - 4y + 4 + 1010
A = [x2 - 2x(y + 1) + (y+1)2 ] + (y-2)2 + 1010
A = ( x - y - 1)2 + (y-2)2 + 1010 \(\ge1010\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy MinA = 1010 <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
a: \(M=x^2-10x+3\)
\(=x^2-10x+25-22\)
\(=\left(x^2-10x+25\right)-22\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2-22>=-22\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-5=0
=>x=5
b: \(N=x^2-x+2\)
\(=x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}>=\dfrac{7}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1/2=0
=>x=1/2
c: \(P=3x^2-12x\)
\(=3\left(x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-2\right)^2-12>=-12\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0
=>x=2
a, \(A=-\left(x^2+8x+16-16\right)+5=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21\le21\forall x\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = - 4
Vậy GTLN của A là 21 tại x = -4
b, \(B=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)+7\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y+1\right)^2+7\le7\forall x;y\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 1 ; y = -1/2
Vậy GTLN của B là 7 tại x = 1 ; y = -1/2
\(A=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)+10=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
\(A_{min}=10\) khi \(2x+1=0\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(B=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
\(B_{min}=-36\) khi \(x^2+5x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4x+4\right)+2=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(C_{min}=2\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)
Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(A=25x^2-20x+7\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(D=x^2-2x+2\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+1>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(x^2+2x+3\)
\(=x^2+2x.1+1+2\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(Min=2\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\Rightarrow x=-1\)