(Bắc Giang)
Cho \(x,y,z\) là ba số dương thỏa mãn điều kiện \(xy+yz+zx=2016\). Chứng minh rằng
\(\sqrt{\frac{yz}{x^2+2016}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{y^2+2016}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{z^2+2016}}\le\frac{3}{2}\).
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thay 2016=xy+yz+xz vào các mẫu
dùng Cô-Si đảo vào từng phân số
sẽ dễ dàng chứng minh đc :D
B1:x^2+2016=xy+yz+xz+x^2=...
tuong tu
y^2+2016=... ; z^2+2016=....
B2:bdt am-gm
\(VT=\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+xy+yz+xz}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{y^2+xy+yz+xz}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xz}{z^2+xy+yz+xz}}\)
\(VT=\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xz}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{y}{x+y}+\dfrac{z}{x+z}}{2}\\\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}}{2}\\\sqrt{\dfrac{xz}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{x}{x+z}+\dfrac{z}{y+z}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{x+y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{z}{y+z}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{x+z}+\dfrac{x}{x+z}\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{\dfrac{x+y}{x+y}+\dfrac{y+z}{y+z}+\dfrac{x+z}{x+z}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+2016}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{y^2+2016}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xz}{z^2+2016}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\) ( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=4\sqrt{42}\)
Sửa đề:\(\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+2016}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z^2+2016}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xz}{y^2+2016}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Giải
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z^2+2016}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z^2+xy+xz+yz}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z^2+2016}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{x}{x+z}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}\right)\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+2016}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{y}{x+y}+\dfrac{z}{x+z}\right);\sqrt{\dfrac{xz}{y^2+2016}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{z}{y+z}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(\Sigma\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z^2+2016}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\Sigma\left(\dfrac{x}{x+z}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\Sigma\left(\dfrac{x}{x+z}+\dfrac{z}{x+z}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=4\sqrt{42}\)
Ta có:\(\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+2017}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+xy+yz+zx}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x+y}\cdot\dfrac{z}{x+z}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{y}{x+y}+\dfrac{z}{x+z}}{2}\)
Tương tự ta có:\(\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{y^2+2017}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{z}{y+z}}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z^2+2017}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{y}{z+y}+\dfrac{x}{x+z}}{2}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+2017}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{y^2+2017}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z^2+2017}}\)
\(\le\dfrac{\dfrac{y}{x+y}+\dfrac{z}{x+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+y}+\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{y}{z+y}+\dfrac{x}{x+z}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{x+y}{x+y}+\dfrac{y+z}{y+z}+\dfrac{z+x}{z+x}}{2}=\dfrac{1+1+1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{\sqrt{2017}}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(VT=\sum\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}=\sum\frac{x}{\sqrt{xy+xz+yz+x^2}}=\sum\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\sum\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Theo bài ra ta có: \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}=1\Rightarrow x+y+z=xyz\)
Do:\(\sqrt{yz\left(1+x^2\right)}=\sqrt{yz+x^2yz}=\sqrt{yz+x\left(x+y+z\right)}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{xy\left(1+z^2\right)}=\sqrt{\left(z+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\);
\(\sqrt{zx\left(1+y^2\right)}=\sqrt{\left(z+y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{yz\left(1+x^2\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{zx\left(1+y^2\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{xy\left(1+z^2\right)}}\)
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{x+y}.\frac{y}{y+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{x+z}.\frac{z}{y+z}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô si \(\frac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\), dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)\);
\(\sqrt{\frac{y}{x+y}.\frac{y}{y+z}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\);
\(\sqrt{\frac{z}{x+z}.\frac{z}{y+z}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}\right)\)
\(A\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{y}{y+x}+\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{z}{x+z}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(A\le\frac{3}{2}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
M giải thích cho t chỗ sao mà \(\sqrt{xy\left(1+z^2\right)}=\sqrt{\left(z+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\) đc vậy?
Với cả từ dòng này xuống dòng này nữa.
Sao mà tin đc dấu " = " xảy ra khi nào vậy?
Đề bài thiếu điều kiện rồi :")))
thêm điều kiện đi rồi giải cho
\(\sqrt{\frac{xy}{xy+z}}=\sqrt{\frac{xy}{xy+z\left(x+y+z\right)}}=\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{\frac{yz}{yz+x}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{z}{x+z}\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{\frac{zx}{zx+y}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{z}{y+z}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)