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\(bc.cosA=bc\left(\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}\right)=\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2}\)
Tương tự: \(ac.cosB=\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2}\) ; \(ab.cosC=\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2S}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{6S}=\dfrac{4p^2}{6\sqrt{p\left(p-a\right)\left(p-b\right)\left(p-c\right)}}\)
\(Q\ge\dfrac{2p\sqrt{p}}{3\sqrt{\left(p-a\right)\left(p-b\right)\left(p-c\right)}}\ge\dfrac{2p\sqrt{p}}{3\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{3p-\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\right)^3}}=\dfrac{2p\sqrt{p}}{3\sqrt{\dfrac{p^3}{27}}}=2\sqrt{3}\)
CÓ: \(a^2+b^2=c^2.\)Nên ta có:
\(P=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\right)\left(b+\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\right)}{ab\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}.\frac{a+\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}{a}.\frac{b+\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}{b}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}}\right).\left(1+\sqrt{\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2}}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2}}\right)\).
Đặt: \(x^2=\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2};y^2=\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}\Rightarrow x^2+y^2=1\). Ta có:
\(P=\left(x+y\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(=x+y+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+2\)\(\ge4\sqrt{x.y.\frac{1}{x}.\frac{1}{y}.\frac{x}{y}.\frac{y}{x}}+2=6.\)
Vậy GTNN của P = 6.Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x = y =1 hay tam giác ABC vuông cân.
Bài2 ,
Ta có\(sin_P^2+cos_P^2=1\)
mà \(2\left(sin_P^2+cos_P^2\right)\ge\left(sin_P+cos_p\right)^2\Rightarrow\left(sin_p+cos_p\right)\le\sqrt{2}\)
^_^
Áp dụng định lí cosin trong tam giác ABC ta có:
\({a^2} = {b^2} + {c^2} - 2bc.\cos A\)\( \Rightarrow \cos A = \frac{{{b^2} + {c^2} - {a^2}}}{{2bc}}\)
Mà \(\sin A = \sqrt {1 - {{\cos }^2}A} \).
\( \Rightarrow \sin A = \sqrt {1 - {{\left( {\frac{{{b^2} + {c^2} - {a^2}}}{{2bc}}} \right)}^2}} = \sqrt {\frac{{{{(2bc)}^2} - {{({b^2} + {c^2} - {a^2})}^2}}}{{{{(2bc)}^2}}}} \)
\( \Leftrightarrow \sin A = \frac{1}{{2bc}}\sqrt {{{(2bc)}^2} - {{({b^2} + {c^2} - {a^2})}^2}} \)
Đặt \(M = \sqrt {{{(2bc)}^2} - {{({b^2} + {c^2} - {a^2})}^2}} \)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow M = \sqrt {(2bc + {b^2} + {c^2} - {a^2})(2bc - {b^2} - {c^2} + {a^2})} \\ \Leftrightarrow M = \sqrt {\left[ {{{(b + c)}^2} - {a^2}} \right].\left[ {{a^2} - {{(b - c)}^2}} \right]} \\ \Leftrightarrow M = \sqrt {(b + c - a)(b + c + a)(a - b + c)(a + b - c)} \end{array}\)
Ta có: \(a + b + c = 2p\)\( \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}b + c - a = 2p - 2a = 2(p - a)\\a - b + c = 2p - 2b = 2(p - b)\\a + b - c = 2p - 2c = 2(p - c)\end{array} \right.\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow M = \sqrt {2(p - a).2p.2(p - b).2(p - c)} \\ \Leftrightarrow M = 4\sqrt {(p - a).p.(p - b).(p - c)} \\ \Rightarrow \sin A = \frac{1}{{2bc}}.4\sqrt {p(p - a)(p - b)(p - c)} \\ \Leftrightarrow \sin A = \frac{2}{{bc}}.\sqrt {p(p - a)(p - b)(p - c)} \end{array}\)
b) Ta có: \(S = \frac{1}{2}bc\sin A\)
Mà \(\sin A = \frac{2}{{bc}}\sqrt {p(p - a)(p - b)(p - c)} \)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow S = \frac{1}{2}bc.\left( {\frac{2}{{bc}}\sqrt {p(p - a)(p - b)(p - c)} } \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow S = \sqrt {p(p - a)(p - b)(p - c)} .\end{array}\)
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