Cho biểu thức \(P=\frac{1}{3+2a+b+ab}+\frac{1}{3+2b+c+bc}+\frac{1}{3+2c+a+ca}\)với a,b,c là các số thực làm cho P xác định và thỏa mãn điều kiện:
(1+a)(1+b)(1+c) = 1. Chứng minh rằng P=1
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BĐT tương đương : \(\frac{a\left(a+c+b-3b\right)}{1+ab}+\frac{b\left(b+a+c-3c\right)}{a+bc}+\frac{c\left(c+b+a-3a\right)}{1+ca}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3a\left(1-b\right)}{1+ab}+\frac{3b\left(1-c\right)}{1+bc}+\frac{3c\left(1-a\right)}{1+ca}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(1-b\right)}{1+ab}+\frac{b\left(1-c\right)}{1+bc}+\frac{c\left(1-a\right)}{1+ca}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(1-b\right)}{1+ab}+1+\frac{b\left(1-c\right)}{1+bc}+1+\frac{c\left(1-a\right)}{1+ca}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+1}{1+ab}+\frac{b+1}{1+bc}+\frac{c+1}{1+ca}\ge3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi ta có: \(\frac{a+1}{1+ab}+\frac{b+1}{1+bc}+\frac{c+1}{1+ca}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a+1}{1+ab}\cdot\frac{b+1}{1+bc}\cdot\frac{c+1}{1+ca}}\)
Ta phải chứng minh: \(\sqrt[3]{\frac{a+1}{1+ab}\cdot\frac{b+1}{1+bc}\cdot\frac{c+1}{1+ca}}\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\ge\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ca\right)\)
Thật vậy \(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\ge\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+ab+bc+ca+a+b+c+1\ge a^2b^2c^2+abc\left(a+b+c\right)+ab+bc+ca+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\ge a^2b^2c^2+2abc\) (*)
Từ a+b+c=3 => \(3\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Leftrightarrow abc\le1\)
=> (*) đúng
Vậy \(\frac{a\left(a+c-2b\right)}{1+ab}+\frac{b\left(b+a-2c\right)}{1+bc}+\frac{c\left(c+b-2a\right)}{1+ca}\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
\(a^2b^2c^2+\left(a+1\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge a+b+c+ab+bc+ca+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(abc\right)^2+abc-2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(abc+2\right)\left(abc-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow abc\ge1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi ta có:
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2c\right)\left(2c+3a\right)}+\frac{b+2c}{45}+\frac{2c+3a}{75}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2c\right)\left(2c+3b\right)}\cdot\frac{b+2c}{45}\cdot\frac{2c+3a}{75}}=\frac{a}{5}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b^3}{\left(c+2a\right)\left(2a+3b\right)}+\frac{c+2a}{45}+\frac{2a+3b}{75}\ge\frac{b}{5}\left(2\right)\\\frac{c^3}{\left(a+2b\right)\left(2b+3c\right)}+\frac{a+2b}{45}+\frac{2b+3c}{75}\ge\frac{c}{5}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1)(2)(3) ta có:
\(P+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{15}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{5}\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{1}{15}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Mà \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow S\ge\frac{1}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
Ta có : \(p=\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{ca}{b^2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có :
\(\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{b+c}{4bc}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}.\frac{b+c}{4ab}}=\frac{1}{a}\)
\(\frac{ac}{b^2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+c}{4ac}\ge4\sqrt{\frac{ac}{b^2\left(a+c\right)}.\frac{a+c}{4ac}}=\frac{1}{b}\)
\(\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{a+b}{4ab}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}.\frac{a+b}{4ab}}=\frac{1}{c}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được \(p+\frac{1}{4c}+\frac{1}{4a}+\frac{1}{4b}+\frac{1}{4a}+\frac{1}{4c}+\frac{1}{4b}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow p+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{2c}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow p\ge\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{2c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{2a.2b.2c}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{8abc}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Xét: \(\frac{bc}{a^2b+ca^2}=\frac{bc}{a\cdot abc\cdot\frac{1}{c}+a\cdot abc\cdot\frac{1}{b}}=\frac{b^2c^2}{ab+ca}\)(*)
Tương tự với (*) ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{ca}{b^2c+ab^2}=\frac{c^2a^2}{ab+bc}\\\frac{ab}{c^2a+bc^2}=\frac{a^2b^2}{ca+bc}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{bc}{a^2b+ca^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b^2c^2}{ab+ca}\)
Ta thấy\(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b^2c^2}{ab+ca}\) có dạng: \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Bước cuối Cô-si ba số và kết hợp điều kiện abc=1 là xong
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\)thì bài toán thành
\(x+y+z=2\) chứng minh rằng
\(\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^2}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Trước hết ta chứng minh:
Ta có: \(\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{2-x}{8}+\frac{2-x}{8}\ge\frac{3x}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}\ge x-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VP\ge\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{3}{2}=2-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{2+a^2b}+\frac{1}{2+b^2c}+\frac{1}{2+c^2a}\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{2+a^2b}+\frac{2}{2+b^2c}+\frac{2}{2+c^2a}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2b}{2+a^2b}+\frac{b^2c}{2+b^2c}+\frac{c^2a}{2+c^2a}\le3\)
\(\frac{a^2b}{2+a^2b}\le\frac{a^2b}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b}}=\frac{\sqrt[3]{a^4b^2}}{3}=\frac{a\sqrt[3]{ab^2}}{3}\)
Tương tự thì ta cần chứng minh \(a\sqrt[3]{ab^2}+b\sqrt[3]{bc^2}+c\sqrt[3]{ca^2}\le6\)
Oke phần còn lại dành cho bạn ;D
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}=\frac{1}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2}\le\frac{1}{2ab+2b+2}=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)
Tương tự CM được:
\(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{bc+c+1}\) và \(\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{ab^2c+abc+ab}+\frac{b}{abc+ab+b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{b+1+ab}+\frac{b}{1+ab+b}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\cdot1=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1
A=\(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\)+\(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\)+\(\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\)
ta có: \(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\)=\(\frac{1}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2}\)\(\le\)\(\frac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}\)
vì : a2+b2\(\ge\)2\(\sqrt{a^2b^2}\)=2ab
b2+1\(\ge\)2\(\sqrt{b^2x1}\)=2b
cmtt => A\(\le\)\(\frac{1}{2}\)x(\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{1}{bc+c+1}\)+\(\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\))
=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x(\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{ab}{ab^2c+abc+ab}\)+\(\frac{b}{cba+ab+b}\))
=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x (\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{ab}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{b}{ab+b+1}\))=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x\(\frac{ab+b+1}{ab+b+1}\)=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1