Cho: \(D=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{3}{xy}\) và x+y=2. Tìm GTNN của D
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Ta có: \(Q=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{3}{xy}=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{6}{2xy}=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{2}{2xy}+\dfrac{4}{2xy}\)
Áp dụng BĐT phụ: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}\right)=2\left[\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\right]=2.\dfrac{4}{4}=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=1
Áp dụng BĐT phụ: \(ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow xy\le\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{2^2}{4}=1\)
Dấu"=" xảy ra khi x=y=1
\(\Rightarrow2xy\le2.1=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{2}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{2}{2xy}+\dfrac{4}{2xy}=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{3}{xy}\ge2+2=4\)
Dấu"=" xảy ra khi x=y=1
\(\dfrac{x^3}{4\left(y+2\right)}+\dfrac{x\left(y+2\right)}{16}\ge\dfrac{x^2}{4}\) ; \(\dfrac{y^3}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{y\left(x+2\right)}{16}\ge\dfrac{y^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q+\dfrac{2xy+2x+2y}{16}\ge\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{4}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)}{8}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{\left(x+y-4\right)^2+7\left(x+y\right)-16}{8}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge\dfrac{7\left(x+y\right)-16}{8}-\dfrac{1}{2}\ge\dfrac{14\sqrt{xy}-16}{8}-\dfrac{1}{2}=1\)
\(Q_{min}=1\) khi \(x=y=2\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{x+y}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{7\left(x+y\right)^2}{16xy}+\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{16xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{7.4xy}{16xy}+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2xy}{16.4.xy\left(x+y\right)^2}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
\(A=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{xy}+\dfrac{xy}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{4xy}+\dfrac{xy}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{3\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{4xy}\)
\(A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)xy}{4xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\dfrac{3.2xy}{4xy}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
\(C=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-4xy}{xy}+\dfrac{6xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{xy}+\dfrac{6xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}-4\)
\(C=\dfrac{3\left(x+y\right)^2}{8xy}+\dfrac{6xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\dfrac{5\left(x+y\right)^2}{8xy}-4\)
\(C\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{18xy\left(x+y\right)^2}{8xy\left(x+y\right)^2}}+\dfrac{5.4xy}{8xy}-4=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
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\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5}{16}\left(2x+y\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{16}.3}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = 1; y = 2.
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5\left(2x+y\right)}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9\left(2x+y\right)}{16\left(2x+y\right)}}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)
Ta có:
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xx}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\right)+\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\)
Có: \(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\dfrac{3}{2x+y}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
Có: \(\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{5}{8}\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow2x=y,xy=2\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)
Vậy GTNN của M là \(\dfrac{11}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)
\(\dfrac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+x+y}\ge\dfrac{3\left(xy+x+y\right)}{xy+x+y}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{8\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{9\left(xy+x+y\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{9\left(xy+x+y\right)}+\dfrac{xy+x+y}{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{8}{9}.3+2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2\left(xy+x+y\right)}{\left(xy+x+y\right)\left(x+y+1\right)^2}}=\dfrac{10}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy})(x^2+y^2+2xy)\geq (1+1+2)^2=16$
$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}\geq \frac{16}{(x+y)^2}=16$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{2}{xy}\geq 8$
Cộng 2 BĐT trên lại:
$P\geq 16+8=24$
Vậy $P_{\min}=24$ khi $x=y=\frac{1}{2}$
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy})(x^2+y^2+2xy)\geq (1+1+2)^2=16$
$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}\geq \frac{16}{(x+y)^2}=16$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{2}{xy}\geq 8$
Cộng 2 BĐT trên lại:
$P\geq 16+8=24$
Vậy $P_{\min}=24$ khi $x=y=\frac{1}{2}$
\(\Rightarrow D=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{2}{2xy}+\dfrac{2}{xy}\ge2\cdot\dfrac{4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}+\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}=\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\dfrac{8}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{4}{4}+\dfrac{8}{4}=3\) Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)