với hai số dương x, y thỏa mãn x>=2y tìm min M=(x^2+y^2)/xy.
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1) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM và bất đẳng thức Schwarz:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{3a+b}\ge8\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).
2.
\(4=a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\sqrt{2}\)
Đồng thời \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) (với \(x=a+b\Rightarrow2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\) )
\(M\le\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-x\right)\left(x+4-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\sqrt{2}-1\le\sqrt{2}-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=\sqrt{2}\)
3. Chia 2 vế giả thiết cho \(x^2y^2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le4\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
ta có x>=2y suy ra x-2y>=0
m=x^2/xy+y^2/xy điều kiện x,y khác 0
M=x/y+y/x
2M=2x/y+2y/x
2M=2.x/y+(-x+2y+x)/x
2m=2.(x-2y)/y+2.2y/x-(x-2y)/x+x/x
2m=2(x-2y)/y-(x-2y)/x+5
vì x-2y>=0=>2(x-2y)/y-(x-2y)/x+5>=5
2M>=5
2M>5/2
vậy M=5/2
chưa chắc đã đúg đôu đúg tk mk nha
Đặt \(\frac{x}{y}=a\)
Vì \(x\ge2y>0\Rightarrow a\ge2\)
Khi đó \(P=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=a+\frac{1}{a}=\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{a}{4}\right)+\frac{3a}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{a}.\frac{a}{4}}+\frac{3a}{4}\ge1+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\)
Dấu " \(=\)" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=2\Leftrightarrow x=2y>0\)
\(A=x-2y+3\Rightarrow x=A+2y-3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2y+A-3\right)^2+y\left(A+2y-3\right)+2y^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8y^2+\left(5A-15\right)y+A^2-6A+8=0\)
\(\Delta=\left(5A-15\right)^2-32\left(A^2-6A+8\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7A^2+42A-31\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{21-4\sqrt{14}}{7}\le A\le\dfrac{21+4\sqrt{14}}{7}\)
\(2\sqrt{xy}\le x+y\le1\Rightarrow\sqrt{xy}\le\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow xy\le\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy}\ge4\)
\(A=xy+\frac{1}{xy}=xy+\frac{1}{16xy}+\frac{15}{16xy}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{16xy}}+\frac{15}{16}.4=\frac{17}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=\frac{17}{4}\) khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
b/ \(2y=xy-x=x\left(y-1\right)\Rightarrow x=\frac{2y}{y-1}=2+\frac{2}{y-1}\)
Đồng thời \(x;y>0\Rightarrow2y=x\left(y-1\right)>0\Rightarrow y-1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow S=2+\frac{2}{y-1}+2y=4+\frac{2}{y-1}+2\left(y-1\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{\frac{4\left(y-1\right)}{y-1}}=8\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{min}=8\) khi \(\frac{2}{y-1}=2\left(y-1\right)\Rightarrow y=2\Rightarrow x=4\)
c/ \(x+y+xy\ge7\Leftrightarrow x\left(y+1\right)\ge7-y\Leftrightarrow x\ge\frac{7-y}{y+1}=\frac{8}{y+1}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow S=x+2y\ge2y+\frac{8}{y+1}-1=2\left(y+1\right)+\frac{8}{y+1}-3\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge2\sqrt{\frac{16\left(y+1\right)}{y+1}}-3=5\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{min}=5\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=2x^2+16y^2+\frac{2}{x}+\frac{3}{y}\)
\(\frac{A}{2}=B=x^2+8y^2+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{3}{2y}=x^2+2z^2+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{3}{z}\)(x+z>=2)
\(B=\left(x-z\right)^2+\left(xz+xz+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)+\left(z^2+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\left(x-z\right)\ge0\) đẳng thức khi x=z
nhân M vs 4 đc \(\frac{3x^2+\left(x-2y\right)^2+4xy}{xy}=\frac{3x}{y}+\frac{\left(x-2y\right)^2}{xy}+4\)
x-2y>=0 và x>=2y => 3x/y>=6 => 4M >=10