Thực hiện phép tính:
\(\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{x}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^2}{x+1}-\dfrac{x^2-3}{x^3-x}\)
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\(\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}+\dfrac{x-1}{x}\right):\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}-\dfrac{x-1}{x}\right)\) \(\left(đk:x\ne0;-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}:\left(\dfrac{x^2-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+x^2-1}{x\left(x+1\right)}.\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)}{x^2-x^2+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x^2-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}=2x^2-1\)
\(\dfrac{4x^2-3x+5}{x^3-1}-\dfrac{1+2x}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{6}{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4x^2-3x+5}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{1+2x}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{6}{x-1}\)
\(ĐKXĐ:x\ne1\)
\(\dfrac{4x^2-3x+5}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{(1+2x)\left(x-1\right)}{(x^2+x+1)\left(x-1\right)}-\dfrac{6\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{(x-1)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow4x^2-3x+5-\left(1+2x\right)\left(x-1\right)-6\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4x^2-3x+5-\left(x-1+2x^2-2x\right)-6x^2-6x-6\)
\(\Rightarrow4x^2-3x+5-x+1-2x^2+2x-6x^2-6x-6\)
\(\Rightarrow-4x^2-8x\)
⇒-4x(x-4)
a) \(\dfrac{2x}{x^2-6x+9}+\dfrac{x-2}{x-3}\) (ĐK: \(x\ne3\))
\(=\dfrac{2x}{\left(x-3\right)^2}+\dfrac{x-2}{x-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x}{\left(x-3\right)^2}+\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x+x^2-2x-3x+6}{\left(x-3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-3x+6}{x^2-6x+9}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x^2+2}{x^3-1}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2+2x-2-x^2-x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(a,=\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}-4-2\sqrt{x}-2-\sqrt{x}+5}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\left(x\ge0;x\ne1\right)\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ b,=\dfrac{x^2+4x+3+x^2+4x+4}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\left(x\ne-1;x\ne-2;x\ne-3\right)\\ =\dfrac{\left(2x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
\(a,\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\dfrac{2}{1-\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-5}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-5}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}-4}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-5}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}-4-2\sqrt{x}-2-\sqrt{x}+5}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(b,\left(\dfrac{x+1}{x+2}+\dfrac{x+2}{x+3}\right):\dfrac{x+3}{x+1}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\right).\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2+4x+3}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{x^2+4x+4}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\right).\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+4x+3+x^2+4x+4}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}.\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2+8x+7}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}.\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x^2+8x+7\right).x+2x^2+8x+7}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^3+8x^2+7x+2x^2+8x+7}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^3+10x^2+15x+7}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
\(a,\dfrac{x^2-9}{x-2}:\dfrac{x-3}{x}\\ =\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}{x-2}\times\dfrac{x}{x-3}\\ =\dfrac{x\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(b,\dfrac{x}{z^2}.\dfrac{xz}{y^3}:\dfrac{x^3}{yz}\\ =\dfrac{x}{z^2}.\dfrac{xz}{y^3}.\dfrac{yz}{x^3}=\dfrac{x^2yz^2}{z^2y^3x^3}=\dfrac{1}{xy^2}\)
\(c,\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{2}{x}:\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{4}{x}.\dfrac{x^2}{2}\\ =\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{2}{x}\times\dfrac{x}{1}+\dfrac{4x^2}{2x}\\ =\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{2}{1}+2x\\ =\dfrac{2-2x+2x^2}{x}\)
a) \(\dfrac{x^2-9}{x-2}:\dfrac{x-3}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}{x-2}\cdot\dfrac{x}{x-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x+3\right)}{x-2}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x}{z^2}\cdot\dfrac{xz}{y^3}:\dfrac{x^3}{yz}\)
\(=\dfrac{x}{z^2}\cdot\dfrac{xz}{y^3}\cdot\dfrac{yz}{x^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{xy^2}\)
c) \(\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{2}{x}:\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{4}{x}\cdot\dfrac{x^2}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{2}{x}\cdot x+\dfrac{4}{x}\cdot\dfrac{x^2}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{x}\cdot\left(1-x+2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{x}\cdot\left(3-x\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{x}-2\)
\(a,\dfrac{8y}{3x^2}.\dfrac{9x^2}{4y^2}=\dfrac{72x^2y}{12x^2y^2}=\dfrac{6}{y}\\b,\dfrac{3x+x^2}{x^2+x+1}.\dfrac{3x^3-3}{x+3}=\dfrac{x\left(x+3\right)3\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=3x\left(x-1\right)=3x^2-3x \)
\(c,\dfrac{2x^2+4}{x-3}.\dfrac{3x+1}{x-1}.\dfrac{6-2x}{x^2+2}=\dfrac{2\left(x^2+2\right)\left(3x+1\right)2\left(3-x\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+2\right)}=\dfrac{-4\left(3x+1\right)}{x-1}=\dfrac{-12x-4}{x-1}\)
\(d,\dfrac{2x^2}{3y^3}:\left(-\dfrac{4x^3}{21y^2}\right)=\dfrac{-2x^2.21y^2}{3y^3.4x^3}=\dfrac{-42x^2y^2}{12x^3y^3}=\dfrac{-7}{2xy}\)
\(e,\dfrac{2x+10}{x^3-64}:\dfrac{\left(x+5\right)^2}{2x-8}=\dfrac{2\left(x+5\right)}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2+4x+16\right)}.\dfrac{2\left(x-4\right)}{\left(x+5\right)^2}=\dfrac{4}{\left(x+5\right)\left(x^2+4x+16\right)}=\dfrac{4}{x^3+9x^2+16x+80}\)
\(f,\dfrac{1}{x+y}\left(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}-x-y\right)-\dfrac{1}{x^2}:\dfrac{y}{x}=\dfrac{1}{x+y}\left(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(1-xy\right)}{xy}\right)-\dfrac{x}{x^2y}=\dfrac{1-xy}{xy}-\dfrac{x}{x^2y}=\dfrac{-x^2y}{x^2y}=-1\)
a: \(=\dfrac{2x^2-1-x^2-3}{x-2}=\dfrac{x^2-4}{x-2}=x+2\)
b: \(=\dfrac{x\left(x-y\right)+y\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-xy+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
c: \(=\dfrac{x+1-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
d: \(=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\cdot y-x\left(y-2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y+2x}{xy\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{2}{xy}\)
e: \(=\dfrac{1}{x\left(2x-3\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x+3-x}{x\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)}=\dfrac{x+3}{x\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)}\)
g: \(=\dfrac{-2x+x+3-x+3}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{-2x+6}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{-2}{x+3}\)
\(a,=\dfrac{1}{x\left(y-x\right)}-\dfrac{1}{y\left(y-x\right)}=\dfrac{x-y}{xy\left(y-x\right)}=\dfrac{-1}{xy}\\ b,=\dfrac{x+3-x-4}{x-2}=\dfrac{-1}{x-2}\)
Nhận thấy \(x^3-x=x\left(x^2-1\right)=x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{x}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^2}{x+1}-\dfrac{x^2-3}{x^3-x}\\ =\dfrac{3x^2-3-x^3-x^2-x^4+x^3-x^2+3}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{-x^4+x^2}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{-x^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=-x\)