cho \(\frac{a}{b}\)=\(\frac{c}{d}\). Chứng tỏ rằng
b)\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\)=\(\frac{a}{c}\)
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Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b} = \frac{c}{d} = \frac{{a - c}}{{b - d}}\); \(\frac{a}{b} = \frac{c}{d} = \frac{{a + 2c}}{{b + 2d}}\)
Như vậy, \(\frac{{a - c}}{{b - d}} = \frac{{a + 2c}}{{b + 2d}}\) (đpcm)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{a+b+c}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c+d}>\frac{b}{a+d+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+d+a}>\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{d+a+b}>\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+b+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}>\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< 1\) (1)
Lại có: \(\frac{a}{a+b+c}< \frac{a+c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c+d}< \frac{b+d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+d+a}< \frac{c+a}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{d+b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{a+c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b+d}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c+a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d+b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{2a+2b+2c+2d}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< 2\) (2)
Từ (1)(2) => \(1< \frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< 2\) (đpcm)
\(a.\)\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{a}{b}+1=\frac{c}{d}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{a+b}{b}=\frac{c+d}{d}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(b.\)\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{a}{b}-1=\frac{c}{d}-1_{ }\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{a-b}{b}=\frac{c-d}{d}\)\(\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(c.\)\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{b}{a}=\frac{d}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{b}{a}+1=\frac{d}{c}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{b+a}{a}=\frac{d+c}{c}\)hay \(\frac{a+b}{a}=\frac{c+d}{d}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(d.\)Tương tự \(c\) nhé bn. Chúc bn học tốt!
a) \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+bd=bc+bd\)
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+b\right)=b\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{b}=\frac{c+d}{d}\)
b) \(ad=bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ac-ad=ac-bc\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(c-d\right)=c\left(a-b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{c}{c-d}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{a}=\frac{d}{c}\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{a}+1=\frac{d}{c}+1\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{a}=\frac{c+d}{c}\) (1)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{a}=\frac{d}{c}\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{b}{a}=1-\frac{d}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a-b}{a}=\frac{c-d}{c}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{c}{c-d}\) (2)
Nhân vế (1) và (2) lại ta được:
\(\frac{a+b}{a}\cdot\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{c+d}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{c-d}\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{c+d}{c-d}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{a+b+c}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c+a}>\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+d+a}>\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{d+b+a}>\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+a}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+b+a}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(+\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+a}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+b+a}>1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Giải:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\)
a) Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{bk}{bk+b}=\frac{bk}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{k}{k+1}\) (1)
\(\frac{c}{c+d}=\frac{dk}{dk+d}=\frac{dk}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{k}{k+1}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}\)
b) Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{bk}{bk-b}=\frac{bk}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k}{k-1}\) (1)
\(\frac{c}{c-d}=\frac{dk}{dk-d}=\frac{dk}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k}{k-1}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{c}{c-d}\)
c) Ta có:
\(\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{bk+b}{bk-b}=\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k+1}{k-1}\) (1)
\(\frac{c+d}{c-d}=\frac{dk+d}{dk-d}=\frac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k+1}{k-1}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{c+d}{c-d}\)
a, \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{ad}{bd};\frac{c}{d}=\frac{bc}{bd}\)
Mà \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{ad}{bd}< \frac{bc}{bd}\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
b, Theo câu a ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\left(1\right)\)
Lại có: \(ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm
a, \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{ad}{bd};\frac{c}{d}=\frac{bc}{bd}\)
Mà \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{ad}{bd}< \frac{bc}{bd}\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
b, Theo câu a, ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)(1)
Lại có: \(ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm.
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{bk+b}{dk+d}=\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{b}{d}\)
Mà \(\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a}{c}\)(heo đề bài)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a}{c}\)
Vậy nếu \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)thì \(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a}{c}\).
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