): Giải phương trình: x2+2019x-2018=2\(\sqrt{2021x-2020}\)
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1) Phương trình ban đầu tương đương :
\(\left(2021x-2020\right)^3=\left(2x-2\right)^3+\left(2019x-2018\right)^3\)
Đặt \(a=2x-2,b=2019x-2018\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=2021x-2020\)
Khi đó phương trình có dạng :
\(\left(a+b\right)^3=a^3+b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3ab\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\cdot\left(2x-2\right)\cdot\left(2019x-2018\right)\cdot\left(2021x-2002\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)Hoặc \(2x-2=0\)
Hoặc \(2019x-2018=0\)
Hoặc \(2021x-2020=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1,\frac{2018}{2019},\frac{2020}{2021}\right\}\) (thỏa mãn)
Vậy : phương trình đã cho có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{1,\frac{2018}{2019},\frac{2020}{2021}\right\}\)
\(x\left(2x-3\right)+x\left(x-m\right)=3x^2+x-m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-3x+x^2-xm=3x^2+x-m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x-xm=x-m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x+xm=m\Leftrightarrow x\left(4+m\right)=m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{m}{m+4}\)
Phương trình có nghiệm không âm \(\Leftrightarrow x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{m}{m+4}\ge0\)
Mà \(m+4>m\)nên \(\orbr{\begin{cases}m\ge0\\m+4\le0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}m\ge0\\m\le-4\end{cases}}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{-\dfrac{1}{2018};-\dfrac{2}{2019};-\dfrac{1}{505};\dfrac{-5}{2021}\right\}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{2018x+1}-\dfrac{1}{2019x+2}=\dfrac{1}{2020x+4}-\dfrac{1}{2021x+5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2019x+2-2018x-1}{\left(2018x+1\right)\left(2019x+2\right)}=\dfrac{2021x+5-2020x-4}{\left(2020x+4\right)\left(2021x+5\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+1}{\left(2018x+1\right)\left(2019x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x+1}{\left(2020x+4\right)\left(2021x+5\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+1}{\left(2018x+1\right)\left(2019x+2\right)}-\dfrac{x+1}{\left(2020x+4\right)\left(2021x+5\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(2018x+1\right)\left(2019x+2\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(2020x+4\right)\left(2021x+5\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\\dfrac{1}{\left(2018x+1\right)\left(2019x+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\left(2020x+4\right)\left(2021x+5\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\\left(2018x+1\right)\left(2019x+2\right)=\left(2020x+4\right)\left(2021x+5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\4074342x^2+6055x+2=4082420x^2+18184x+20\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\left(nhận\right)\\-8078x^2-12129x-18=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(-8078x^2-12129x-18=0\)(2)
\(\Delta=\left(-12129\right)^2-4\cdot\left(-8078\right)\cdot\left(-18\right)=146531025\)
Vì \(\Delta>0\) nên phương trình (2) có hai nghiệm phân biệt là:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{12129-12105}{2\cdot\left(-8078\right)}=\dfrac{-6}{4039}\left(nhận\right)\\x_2=\dfrac{12129+12105}{2\cdot\left(-8078\right)}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(S=\left\{-1;\dfrac{-6}{4039};\dfrac{-3}{2}\right\}\)
\(DK:x\ge\frac{2020}{2019}\)
PT\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2020x-2019}-\sqrt{2019x-2020}\right)+2019\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{2020x-2019}+\sqrt{2019x-2020}}+2019\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2020x-2019}+\sqrt{2019x-2020}}+2019\right)=0\)
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\(DK:x\ge\frac{2018}{2019}\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1+2019x-2018-2\sqrt{2019x-2018}+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2019x-2018}-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(\sqrt{2019x-2018}-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(TM\right)\)
với \(x\ge\frac{2020}{2019}\)
có \(\sqrt{2020x-2019}+2019\left(x+1\right)-\sqrt{2019x-20120}\)\(=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2020x-2019}-\sqrt{2019x-2020}=-2019\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2020x-2019-\left(2019x-2020\right)=-2019\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2020x-2019}+\sqrt{2019x-2020}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)+2019\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2020x-2019}+\sqrt{2019x-2020}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left[1+2019\left(\sqrt{2020x-2019}+\sqrt{2019x-2020}\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)(không thỏa mãn)
vậy phương trình vô nghiệm
x=2020 nên x+1=2021
\(P\left(x\right)=x^{2021}-x^{2020}\left(x+1\right)+x^{2019}\left(x+1\right)-....+x\left(x+1\right)-2020\)
\(=x^{2021}-x^{2021}-x^{2020}+x^{2020}-...+x^2+x-2020\)
=x-2020=0
\(x^2+2019x=2020\)
\(x\left(x+2019\right)=2020\)
Tách 2020 ra 2 thừa số có hiệu là 2019: 2020 = 1*2020 = (-1) * (-2020)
Mà thừa số x luôn bé hơn thừa số x + 2019
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;-2020\right\}\)
x = 2020 => 2021 = x + 1
x2020 - 2021x2019 + 2021x2018 - 2021x2017 + ... + 2021x2 - 2021x + 1
= x2020 - ( x + 1 )x2019 + ( x + 1 )x2018 - ( x + 1 )x2017 + ... + ( x + 1 )x2 - ( x + 1 )x + 1
= x2020 - x2020 - x2019 + x2019 + x2018 - x2018 - x2017 + ... + x3 + x2 - x2 - x + 1
= -x + 1 = -2020 + 1 = -2019
Vậy giá trị của biểu thức = -2019
\(ĐK:x\ge\frac{2020}{2021}\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+2+2021x-2020=2\sqrt{2021x-2020}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2021x-2020}-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\\sqrt{2021x-2020}-1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(tmđk\right)\)