Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất C=(x^2-5)/(x+3) với x>=0.
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a/ \(A=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{5x}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{4x}}+\frac{5}{2}.1=\frac{7}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b/ \(B=\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2}+\frac{1}{x+1}-\frac{3}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x+1\right)}}-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{-3+2\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=\frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow x=...\)
c/ \(C=\frac{2x-1}{6}+\frac{5}{2x-1}+\frac{1}{6}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{5\left(2x-1\right)}{6\left(2x-1\right)}}+\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1+2\sqrt{30}}{6}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2=30\Rightarrow x=...\)
d/ \(D=x+\frac{4}{x}+4\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4x}{x}}+4=8\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x^2=4\Rightarrow x=...\)
e/ \(E=\left(x+3\right)\left(5-x\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(x+3+5-x\right)^2=16\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x+3=5-x\Rightarrow x=...\)
f/ \(F=\frac{1}{2}\left(2x+6\right)\left(5-2x\right)\le\frac{1}{8}\left(2x+6+5-2x\right)^2=\frac{121}{8}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow2x+6=5-2x\Leftrightarrow x=...\)
bài này ta có thể giải theo 2 cách
ta có A = \(\frac{x^2-2x+2011}{x^2}\)
= \(\frac{x^2}{x^2}\)- \(\frac{2x}{x^2}\)+ \(\frac{2011}{x^2}\)
= 1 - \(\frac{2}{x}\)+ \(\frac{2011}{x^2}\)
đặt \(\frac{1}{x}\)= y ta có
A= 1- 2y + 2011y^2
cách 1 :
A = 2011y^2 - 2y + 1
= 2011 ( y^2 - \(\frac{2}{2011}y\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011}\))
= 2011( y^2 - 2.y.\(\frac{1}{2011}\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011^2}\)- \(\frac{1}{2011^2}\) + \(\frac{1}{2011}\))
= 2011 \(\left(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\right)+\frac{2010}{2011^2}\)
= 2011\(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
vì ( y - \(\frac{1}{2011}\)) 2>=0
=> 2011\(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)> = \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
hay A >=\(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
cách 2
A = 2011y^2 - 2y + 1
= ( \(\sqrt{2011y^2}\)) - 2 . \(\sqrt{2011y}\). \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011}\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
= \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
vì \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)> =0
nên \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)>= \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
hay A >= \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)