A=2+2²+2³+2⁴+2⁵+...+2²⁰⁰
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a) ( a2 + b2+ c2)2 - ( a2 - b2 - c2)2
= ( a2 + b2+ c2 + a2 - b2 - c2)( a2 + b2+ c2 - a2 + b2 + c2)
= 4a2( b2 + c2)
b) ( a + b + c)2 - ( a - b - c)2 - 4ac
= ( a + b + c - a + b + c)( a + b + c + a - b - c) - 4ac
= 4a( b + c) - 4ac
= 4a( b + c - c)
= 4ab
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-c^2\right)+\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-a^2\right)\\ =\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left[-\left(a^2-b^2\right)-\left(c^2-a^2\right)\right]+\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-a^2\right)\\ =\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)-\left(b+c\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)-\left(b+c\right)\left(c^2-a^2\right)+\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-a^2\right)\\ =\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a-c\right)-\left(c^2-a^2\right)\left(a-b\right)\\ =\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a-c\right)-\left(a+c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)\\ =\left(a+b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b-a-c\right)\\ =\left(a+b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
\(a\left(b^2+c^2\right)+b\left(c^2+a^2\right)+c\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2abc\\ =ab^2+ac^2+bc^2+a^2b+c\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\\ =ab\left(a+b\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)^2\\ =\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+c^2+ac+cb\right)\\ =\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
\(Từ:gt\) \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow b+c=-a\Rightarrow b^2+2bc+c^2=a^2\Rightarrow a^2-b^2-c^2=2bc\)
cmt tương tự với :
\(b^2-a^2-c^2=2ac\)
\(c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ac}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{a^3}{2abc}+\dfrac{b^3}{2abc}+\dfrac{c^3}{2abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2abc}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
a/ \(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow a=-b-c\Leftrightarrow a^2=b^2+c^2+2bc\Leftrightarrow a^2-b^2-c^2=2bc\)
Tương tự : \(b^2-a^2-c^2=2ac\) , \(c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab\)
Suy ra \(A=\frac{a^2}{2bc}+\frac{b^2}{2ac}+\frac{c^2}{2ab}=\frac{1}{2abc}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh nếu \(a+b+c=0\) thì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
Thật vậy : \(a+b=-c\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=-c^3\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab.\left(-c\right)=3abc\)
Áp dụng được \(A=\frac{3abc}{2abc}=\frac{3}{2}\)
b/ Tương tự.
A=2+22+23+.........+2200
2A=22+23+.........+2200+2201
2A-A=22+23+.........+2200+2201-2-22-...-2200
A=2201-2