Đề bài:Thực hiện phép tính, tính nhanh
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a: \(\left[600-\left(40:2^3+3\cdot5^3\right)\right]:5\)
\(=\left[600-5-375\right]:5\)
\(=44\)
b: \(16\cdot12^2-\left(4\cdot23^2-59\cdot4\right)\)
\(=16\cdot144-4\cdot\left(23^2-59\right)\)
\(=2304-4\cdot470\)
\(=424\)
c: Ta có: \(2^{100}-\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{99}\right)\)
\(=2^{100}-2^{100}+1\)
=1
d: Ta có: \(169\cdot2011^0-17\cdot\left(83-1702:23+1^{2012}\right)+2^7:2^4\)
\(=169-17\cdot\left(83-74+1\right)+2^3\)
\(=177-17\cdot10\)
=7
13: \(\left(-15\right)+8+7\)
\(=\left(-15\right)+\left(8+7\right)\)
=-15+15
=0
14: \(\left(-8\right)+2+6\)
\(=\left(-8\right)+\left(2+6\right)\)
=-8+8
=0
15: \(\left(-1\right)+3-2\)
\(=\left(-1-2\right)+3\)
=-3+3
=0
16: \(25-8-7\)
\(=25-\left(8+7\right)\)
=25-15
=10
17: \(8-2-6\)
\(=8-\left(2+6\right)\)
=8-8
=0
18: \(\left(-12\right)-3+15\)
\(=\left(-12-3\right)+15\)
=-15+15
=0
31: (-29)+8-9
\(=\left(-29\right)+\left(8-9\right)\)
\(=-29-1=-30\)
32: \(\left(-14\right)-6-10\)
\(=\left(-14-6\right)-10\)
=-20-10
=-30
33: \(\left(-42\right)+10+2\)
\(=\left(-42\right)+\left(10+2\right)\)
=-42+12
=-30
34: \(\left(-45\right)+25-20\)
\(=\left(-45\right)+\left(25-20\right)\)
=-45+5
=-40
35: \(\left(-60\right)+17+3\)
\(=\left(-60\right)+\left(17+3\right)\)
=-60+20
=-40
36: \(\left(-48\right)+18-10\)
\(=\left(-48+18\right)-10\)
=-30-10
=-40
câu d)
\(\dfrac{6}{5}+\left(3+\dfrac{-1}{5}\right)\\ =\dfrac{6}{5}+3+\dfrac{-1}{5}\\ =1+3=4\)
câu e)
\(-\dfrac{3}{5}+\left(-\dfrac{2}{5}+2\right)\\ =\dfrac{-3}{5}+\dfrac{-2}{5}+2\\ =-1+2=1\)
câu f)
\(\dfrac{8}{3}-\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}+3\right)\\ =\dfrac{8}{3}+\dfrac{4}{3}-3\\ =4-3=1\)
Lời giải:
g.
$=\frac{-5}{11}+\frac{-6}{11}+1=(\frac{-5}{11}+\frac{-6}{11})+1$
$=\frac{-11}{11}+1=(-1)+1=0$
h.
$=\frac{-17}{13}+\frac{4}{13}+\frac{25}{101}$
$=\frac{-13}{13}+\frac{25}{101}=(-1)+\frac{25}{101}=-(1-\frac{25}{101})$
$=\frac{-76}{101}$
i.
$=\frac{6}{7}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{3}{16}.4=\frac{6}{7}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{3}{4}$
$=\frac{6}{7}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{6}{8}=\frac{6}{7}+\frac{-5}{8}$
$=\frac{13}{56}$
CÂU A)
\(\dfrac{5}{3}+\left(7+\dfrac{-5}{3}\right)\\ =\dfrac{5}{3}+7+\dfrac{-5}{3}=7\)
CÂI B)
\(-\dfrac{7}{31}+\left(\dfrac{24}{17}+\dfrac{7}{31}\right)\\ =-\dfrac{7}{31}+\dfrac{24}{17}+\dfrac{7}{31}=\dfrac{24}{17}\)
CÂU C)
\(\dfrac{3}{7}+\left(-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{-3}{7}\right)\\ =\dfrac{3}{7}-\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{3}{7}=-\dfrac{1}{5}\)
k.
$=\frac{-5}{7}(\frac{2}{11}+\frac{9}{11})+\frac{12}{7}$
$=\frac{-5}{7}.\frac{11}{11}+\frac{12}{7}$
$=\frac{-5}{7}+\frac{12}{7}=\frac{7}{7}=1$
l.
$=(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{4}{5})+(\frac{-2}{9}+\frac{-7}{9})+\frac{16}{17}$
$=\frac{5}{5}+\frac{-9}{9}+\frac{16}{17}$
$=1+(-1)+\frac{16}{17}=\frac{16}{17}$
Bài 2 :
a, \(\left(x-1\right)^3=-8\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^3=\left(-2\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=-2\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
b, \(x^2+x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=0;x=-1\)
c, \(\left(2x+1\right)^2=25\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2=5^2\)
TH1 : \(2x+1=5\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
TH2 : \(2x+1=-5\Leftrightarrow x=-3\)
d, \(\left(2x-3\right)^2=36\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2=6^2\)
chia 2 trường hợp giống ý c
e, \(5^{x+2}=625\Leftrightarrow5^{x+2}=5^4\Leftrightarrow x+2=4\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
f, \(\left(x-1\right)^{x+2}=\left(x-1\right)^{x+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^{x+2}-\left(x-1\right)^{x+4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^{x+2}\left[1-\left(x-1\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^{x+2}\left(2-x\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=1;x=2\)
Bài 3 :
a, Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{x}{7}=\frac{y}{13}=\frac{x+y}{7+13}=\frac{40}{20}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=14;y=26\)
b, tương tự
c, Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{x}{19}=\frac{y}{21}=\frac{2x-y}{38-21}=\frac{34}{17}=2\)
\(x=38;y=42\)
d, Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{x^2}{9}=\frac{y^2}{16}=\frac{x^2+y^2}{9+16}=\frac{100}{25}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{9}=4\Leftrightarrow x^2=36\Leftrightarrow x=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y^2}{16}=4\Leftrightarrow y^2=64\Leftrightarrow y=8\)
d, Theo bài ra ta có : \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{10}=\frac{y}{15}\)(*)
\(\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{7}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{15}=\frac{z}{21}\)(**)
Từ (*) ; (**) suy ra : \(\frac{x}{10}=\frac{y}{15}=\frac{z}{21}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau
- giải nốt nhé
e, Theo bài ra ta có : \(4x=3y\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}\)(*)
\(5y=3z\Rightarrow\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}\)(**)
Từ (*) ; (**) suy ra : \(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}\)
làm nốt nhé !