Giải các phương trình: x 2 + 14 x x 3 + 8 = x x + 2
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a) \(\sqrt {2{x^2} + x + 3} = 1 - x\)
Bình phương hai vế của phương trình ta được:
\(2{x^2} + x + 3 = 1 - 2x + {x^2}\)
Sau khi thu gọn ta được \({x^2} + 3x + 2 = 0\). Từ đó x=-1 hoặc x=-2
Thay lần lượt hai giá trị này của x vào phương trình đã cho ta thấy cả hai giá trị \(x = - 1;x = - 2\) đều thỏa mãn
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm \(S = \left\{ { - 1; - 2} \right\}\)
b) \(\sqrt {3{x^2} - 13x + 14} = x - 3\)
Bình phương hai vế của phương trình ta được:
\(3{x^2} - 13x + 14 = {x^2} - 6x + 9\)
Sau khi thu gọn ta được \(2{x^2} - 7x + 5 = 0\). Từ đó \(x = 1\) hoặc \(x = \frac{5}{2}\)
Thay lần lượt hai giá trị này của x vào phương trình đã cho ta thấy không có giá trị nào của x thỏa mãn
Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm.
a) Ta có: \(\sqrt{25x+75}+2\sqrt{9x+27}=5\sqrt{x+3}+18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\sqrt{x+3}+6\sqrt{x+3}-5\sqrt{x+3}=18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3=9\)
hay x=6
b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{4x-8}-14\sqrt{\dfrac{x-2}{49}}=\sqrt{9x-18}+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-2}-2\sqrt{x-2}-3\sqrt{x-2}=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3\sqrt{x-2}=8\)(Vô lý)
a) \(\sqrt {2{x^2} - 14} = x - 1\quad \left( 1 \right)\)
ĐK: \(x - 1 \ge 0\,\, \Leftrightarrow \,\,x \ge 1.\)
\( \Rightarrow \) TXĐ: \(D = \left[ {1; + \infty } \right)\)
\(\begin{array}{l}\left( 1 \right)\,\, \Leftrightarrow \,\,{\left( {\sqrt {2{x^2} - 14} } \right)^2} = {\left( {x - 1} \right)^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\,2{x^2} - 14 = {x^2} - 2x + 1\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\,{x^2} + 2x - 15 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\,\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{x = 3}\\{x = - 5}\end{array}} \right.\end{array}\)
Nhận thấy \(x = 3\) thỏa mãn điều kiện
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình \(\left( 1 \right)\) là: \(x = 3\)
b) \(\sqrt { - {x^2} - 5x + 2} = \sqrt {{x^2} - 2x - 3} \quad \left( 2 \right)\)
ĐK: \(\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{ - {x^2} - 5x + 2 \ge 0}\\{{x^2} - 2x - 3 \ge 0}\end{array}} \right.\,\, \Leftrightarrow \,\,\frac{{ - 5 - \sqrt {33} }}{2} \le x \le - 1.\)
\( \Rightarrow \) TXĐ: \(D = \left[ {\frac{{ - 5 - \sqrt {33} }}{2}; - 1} \right].\)
\(\begin{array}{l}\left( 2 \right)\,\, \Leftrightarrow \,\,{\left( {\sqrt { - {x^2} - 5x + 2} } \right)^2} = {\left( {\sqrt {{x^2} - 2x - 3} } \right)^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\, - {x^2} - 5x + 2 = {x^2} - 2x - 3\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\,2{x^2} + 3x - 5 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \,\,\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{x = 1}\\{x = - \frac{5}{2}}\end{array}} \right.\end{array}\)
Nhận thấy \(x = - \frac{5}{2}\) thỏa mãn điều kiện
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình \(\left( 2 \right)\) là: \(x = - \frac{5}{2}\)
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a) Lập bảng xét dấu
x 0 1 2
x - 0 + | + | +
x - 1 - | - 0 + | +
x - 2 - | - | - | +
Xét các TH xảy ra
TH1: x \(\le\)0 => pt trở thành: -x - 2(1 - x) + 3(2 - x) = 4
<=> - x - 2 + 2x + 6 - 3x = 4 <=> -2x = 4 - 4 <=> -2x = 0 <=> x = 0 (tm)
TH2: 0 < x \(\le\)1 => pt trở thành: x - 2(1 - x) + 3(2 - x) = 4
<=> x - 2 + 2x + 6 - 3x = 4 <=> 4 = 4 (luôn đúng)
TH3: 1 < x \(\le\)2 => pt trở thành: x - 2(x - 1) + 3(2 - x) = 4
<=> x - 2x + 2 + 6 - 3x = 4 <=> -4x = 4 - 8 <=> -4x = -4 <=> x = 1 (ktm)
TH4: x > 2 => pt trở thành: x - 2(x - 1) + 3(x - 2) = 4
<=> x - 2x + 2 + 3x - 6 = 4 <=> 2x = 4 + 4 <=> 2x = 8 <=> x = 4 (tm)
Vậy ....
TK
https://lazi.vn/edu/exercise/giai-phuong-trinh-4x-5-x-1-2-x-x-1-7-x-2-3-x-5
a: \(\Leftrightarrow4x-5=2x-2+x\)
=>4x-5=3x-2
=>x=3(nhận)
b: =>7x-35=3x+6
=>4x=41
hay x=41/4(nhận)
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{14}{3\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{x+2}{x-4}=\dfrac{-3}{2\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{5}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{28}{6\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{6\left(x+2\right)}{6\left(x-4\right)}=\dfrac{-9}{6\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{5\left(x-4\right)}{6\left(x-4\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow28-6x-12=-9-5x+20\)
=>-6x+16=-5x+11
=>-x=-5
hay x=5(nhận)
d: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=16\)
hay x=4(nhận)
\(a,PT\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{3}=x+2\\ \Leftrightarrow3x^2=x^2+4x+4\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x-4=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-2=0\\ \Delta=4+8=12\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2-2\sqrt{3}}{2}=1-\sqrt{3}\\x=\dfrac{2+2\sqrt{3}}{2}=1+\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,ĐK:x\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow3x-2=7-4\sqrt{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow3x=9-4\sqrt{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{9-4\sqrt{3}}{3}\left(tm\right)\)
\(c,ĐK:x\ge-1\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1-4\sqrt{x+1}+4\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=2\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=4\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=3\left(tm\right)\)
\(1,\left(dk:x\ne0,-1,4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{x-4}-\dfrac{11}{x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9x\left(x-4\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)-11\left(x+1\right)\left(x-4\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-4\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-36x+2x^2+2x-11x^2+44x-11x+44=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x=-44\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=44\left(tm\right)\)
\(2,\left(đk:x\ne4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{14}{3\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{2+x}{x-4}-\dfrac{3}{2\left(x-4\right)}+\dfrac{5}{6}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{14.2-6\left(2+x\right)-3.3+5\left(x-4\right)}{6\left(x-4\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow28-12-6x-9+5x-20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-13\left(tm\right)\)
c: \(x^2-6\sqrt{x^2+5}+x=2\sqrt{x-1}-14\)
=>\(x^2-4-6\left(\sqrt{x^2+5}-3\right)+x-2-2\sqrt{x-1}+2=0\)
=>\(\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)-6\cdot\dfrac{x^2+5-9}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+3}+\left(x-2\right)-2\cdot\dfrac{x-1-1}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}=0\)
=>\(\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)-\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+3}\cdot\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)+\left(x-2\right)-2\cdot\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}=0\)
=>\(\left(x-2\right)\left[\left(x+2\right)-\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+3}\cdot\left(x+2\right)+1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}\right]=0\)
=>x-2=0
=>x=2
d: \(x^2-\sqrt{\left(x^2-8\right)\left(x-2\right)}+x=\sqrt{x^2-8}+\sqrt{x-2}+9\)
=>\(x^2-9-\sqrt{\left(x^2-8\right)\left(x-2\right)}+x-\sqrt{x^2-8}-\sqrt{x-2}=0\)
=>\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)-\sqrt{x^3-2x^2-8x+16}+x-3+1-\sqrt{x^2-8}+2-\sqrt{x-2}=0\)
=>\(\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)+\left(x-3\right)-\sqrt{x^3-2x^2-8x+16}+1+\dfrac{1-x^2+8}{1+\sqrt{x^2-8}}+1-\sqrt{x-2}=0\)
=>\(\left(x-3\right)\left(x+4\right)-\dfrac{x^3-2x^2-8x+16-1}{\sqrt{x^3-2x^2-8x+16}+1}-\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-8}+1}+\dfrac{1-x+2}{1+\sqrt{x-2}}=0\)
=>\(\left(x-3\right)\left(x+4\right)-\dfrac{x^3-2x^2-8x+15}{\sqrt{x^3-2x^2-8x+16}+1}-\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-8}+1}-\dfrac{x-3}{1+\sqrt{x-2}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+4\right)-\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+x-5\right)}{\sqrt{x^3-2x^2-8x+16}+1}-\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-8}+1}-\dfrac{x-3}{1+\sqrt{x-2}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left[\left(x+4\right)-\dfrac{x^2+x-5}{\sqrt{x^3-2x^2-8x+16}+1}-\dfrac{x+3}{\sqrt{x^2-8}+1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}\right]=0\)
=>x-3=0
=>x=3