Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất
A=xy(x−2)(y+6)+13x^2+4y^2−26x+24y+2020.
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\(P=xy\left(x-2\right)\left(y+6\right)+13x^2+4y^2-26x+24y+46.\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(y^2+6y\right)+13\left(x^2-2x\right)+4\left(y^2+6y\right)+46\)
\(=\left[\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(y^2+6y\right)+4\left(y^2+6y\right)\right]+13\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-6\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left(y^2+6y\right)+13\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-6\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left(y^2+6y+13\right)-6\)
\(=\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+3\right]\left[\left(y+3\right)^2+4\right]-6\)
Ta có \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+3\ge3\)
\(\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\forall y\Rightarrow\left(y+3\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Suy ra \(P=\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+3\right]\left[\left(y+3\right)^2+4\right]-6\ge3.4-6=6\)
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của P=6 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y+3\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-3\end{cases}.}\)
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Ta có:
\(P=xy\left(x-2\right)\left(y+6\right)+13x^2+4y^2-26x+24y+46\)
\(=\left[x\left(x-2\right)\right]\left[y\left(y+6\right)\right]+\left(13x^2-26x\right)+\left(4y^2+24y\right)+46\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(y^2+6y\right)+13\left(x^2-2x\right)+4\left(y^2+6y\right)+46\)
\(=\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-1\right]\left[\left(y+3\right)^2-9\right]+13\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-1\right]\)
\(+4\left[\left(y+3\right)^2-9\right]+46\)
Đặt \(x-1=u;y+3=v\)
Khi đó \(P=\left(u^2-1\right)\left(v^2-9\right)+13\left(u^2-1\right)+4\left(v^2-9\right)+46\)
\(=u^2v^2-v^2-9u^2+9+13u^2-13+4v^2-36+46\)
\(=u^2v^2+4u^2+3v^2+6\ge6\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}u=0\\v=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y+3=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
a) \(A=4x^2-4x+23\)
\(A=4x^2-4x+1+22\)
\(A=\left(2x-1\right)^2+22\)
Mà: \(\left(2x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(2x-1\right)^2+22\ge22\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(2x-1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: \(A_{min}=22\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) \(B=25x^2+y^2+10x-4y+2\)
\(B=25x^2+10x+1+y^2-4y+4-3\)
\(B=\left(5x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-3\)
Mà: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(5x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(5x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{5}\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(B_{min}=-3\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{5}\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a ,Q=x2+y2-xy+4y=x(x-y)+y(y+4)=2x+(x-2)(x+2)=x2+2x+1-5=(x+1)2-
b,M=x2-y2+y2+4y+14=2(x+y)+y2+4y+14=2(2+2y)+y2+4y+14=y2+8y+16+2=(y+4)2+2\(\ge\)2
2.M = 2x2 – 10x + 2y2 + 2xy – 8y + 4038 = (x2 – 10x + 25) +( y2 + 2xy + y2) + ( y2 – 8y + 16) + 3997
= (x-5)2 + (x+y)2 + (y - 4)2 + 3997 = N + 3997
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bu- nhi a: (ax+ by + cz)2 \(\le\) (a2+ b2 + c2). (x2 + y2 + z2). Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a/x = b/y = c/z
Ta có: [(5 - x).1 + (x+ y).1 + (y + 4).1]2 \(\le\) [(5 - x)2 + (x+y)2 + (y - 4)2 ].(1+ 1+1) = N .3 = 3.N
<=> 92 = 81 \(\le\) 3.N => N \(\ge\) 27 => 2.M \(\ge\) 27 + 3997 = 4024
=> M \(\ge\)2012
vậy Min M = 2012
khi 5 - x = x+ y = y + 4 => x = 4 ; y = -3
`A=x^2+6x+y^2+4y+15`
`=(x^2+6x+9)+(y^2+4y+4)+2`
`=(x+3)^2+(y+2)^2+2`
Vì `(x+3)^2+(y+2)^2 >=0 forall x,y`
`=>A_(min)=2 <=> x=-3; y=-2`.
Ta có: \(A=x^2+6x+y^2+4y+15\)
\(=x^2+6x+9+y^2+4y+4+2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi (x,y)=(-3;-2)