Question

[Lê Quỳnh Anh]

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the answer to each of the question.

Most parents want their sons and daughters to have equal chances of success when they grow up. Today, equality of the sexes is largely mandated by public policy and law. However, old-fashioned ideas and a lot of prejudice are still part of our culture and present challenging questions for parents.

Gender stereotypes are rigid ideas about how boys and girls should behave. We all know what these stereotypes are: A "feminine" girls should be insecure, accommodating and a little illogical in her thinking. A "masculine" boy should be strong, unemotional, aggressive, and competitive. How are children exposed to these stereotypes? According to the researchers David and Myra Sadker of the American University of Washington, D.C., boys and girls are often treated differently in the classroom. They found out that when boys speak, teachers usually offer constructive comments, when girls speech, teachers tend to focus on the behavior. It's more important how the girls act rather than what they say.

The emphasis on differences begins at birth and continues throughout childhood. For example, few people would give pink baby's clothes to a boy or a blue blanket to a girl. Later, many of us give girls dolls and miniature kitchenware, while boys receive action figures and construction sets. There's nothing wrong with that. The problem arises when certain activities are deemed appropriate for one sex but not the other. According to Heather J. Nicholson, Ph.D., director of the National Resource Center for Girls, Inc., this kind of practice prevents boys and girls from acquiring important skills for their future lives.

"The fact is," says Nicholson, "that society functions as a kind of sorting machine regarding gender. In a recent survey, fifty-eight percent of eighth-grade girls but only six percent of boys earned money caring for younger children. On the other hand, twenty-seven percent of boys but only three percent of girls earned money doing lawn work". If we are serious about educating a generation to be good workers and parents, we need to eliminate such stereotypes as those mentioned previously.

Gender stereotypes inevitably are passed to our children. However, by becoming aware of the messages our children receive, we can help them develop ways to overcome these incorrect ideas. To counteract these ideas, parents can look for ways to challenge and support their children, and to encourage confidence in ways that go beyond what society's fixed ideas about differences of sext are.

According to the second passage, David and Myra Sadker of the American University of Washington, D.0 found that _______.

A. schoolboys and schoolgirls are treated equally in the classroom.

B. teachers often concentrate on boys' behavior and girls' manners.

C. boys are commented usefully whereas girls are paid attention to behavior.

D. girls are taught to be insecure, accommodating and illogical while boys are strong, unemotional, aggressive, and competitive.

Answer 1

[Dương Hoàn Anh]

Đáp án C

Theo đoạn văn số 2, David và Myra Sadker ở trường Đại học Washington, D.C của Mỹ đã phát hiện ra rằng ________.

A. học sinh nam và học sinh nữ được đối xử 1 cách bình đẳng trong lớp học.

B. giáo viên thường tập trung vào hành vi ứng xử của học sinh nam và cách cư xử của học sinh nữ.

C. học sinh nam thường được nhận xét 1 cách xây dựng trong khi học sinh nữ được chú ý về hành vi ứng xử.

D. học sinh nữ được dạy phải khép nép, hay giúp đỡ và phi logic trong khi học sinh nam phải mạnh mẽ, không bị chi phối bởi cảm xúc, hăng hái và cạnh tranh.

Từ khóa: David and Myra Sadker/ found

Căn cứ thông tin đoạn 2:

“According to the researchers David and Myra Sadker of the American University of Washington, D.C., boys and girls are often treated differently in the classroom. They found out that when boys speak, teachers usually offer constructive comments, when girls speech, teachers tend to focus on the behavior. It's more important how the girls act rather than what they say.”

(Theo các nhà nghiên cứu David và Myra Sadker ở trường Đại học Washington, D.C của Mỹ, học sinh nam và học sinh nữ thường được đối xử khác nhau trong lớp học. Họ phát hiện ra rằng khi học sinh nam phát biểu, giáo viên thường đưa ra các nhận xét mang tính xây dựng, còn khi học sinh nữ phát biểu, giáo viên có khuynh hướng tập trung vào hành vi ứng xử. Việc học sinh nữ thể hiện như thể nào quan trọng hơn những gì họ nói).