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Đặt A = \(\left(1+\frac{2}{4}\right).\left(1+\frac{2}{10}\right).\left(1+\frac{2}{18}\right).....\left(1+\frac{2}{n^2+3n}\right)\)
Ta có : A = \(\left(1+\frac{2}{4}\right).\left(1+\frac{2}{10}\right).\left(1+\frac{2}{18}\right).....\left(1+\frac{2}{n^2+3n}\right)\)
= \(\frac{6}{4}.\frac{12}{10}.\frac{20}{18}.....\frac{\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right)}{n.\left(n+3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{3.2}{4}.\frac{3.4}{2.5}.\frac{4.5}{3.6}.....\frac{\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right)}{n.\left(n+3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{3.2.3.4.4.5....n}{2.3.4.5.6.....\left(n+2\right)}\)
= \(\frac{3.\left(n+1\right)}{n+2}\)
Vậy A = \(\frac{3.\left(n+1\right)}{n+2}\)
Với mọi k thuộc N và k > 2 thì ta có :
\(1-\frac{1}{1+2+....+k}=1-\frac{1}{\frac{k\left(k+1\right)}{2}}=1-\frac{2}{k\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{k^2+k-2}{k\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{\left(k+2\right)\left(k-1\right)}{k\left(k+1\right)}\)
Áp dụng vào A ta được :
\(A=\left(1-\frac{1}{1+2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{1+2+3}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{1+2+3+4}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{1+2+....+n}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1.4}{2.3}.\frac{2.5}{3.4}.\frac{3.6}{4.5}....\frac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left[1.2.3....\left(n-1\right)\right]\left[4.5.6.....\left(n+2\right)\right]}{\left(2.3.4......n\right)\left[3.4.5.....\left(n+1\right)\right]}\)
\(=\frac{n+2}{n.3}=\frac{n+2}{3n}\)
a) \(\frac{\left(n+1\right)!}{n!\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n!\left(n+1\right)}{n!\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n+1}{n+2}\)
b)\(\frac{n!}{\left(n+1\right)!-n!}=\frac{n!}{n!\left(n+1\right)-n!}=\frac{n!}{n!\left(n+1-1\right)}=\frac{1}{n}\)
c)\(\frac{\left(n+1\right)!-\left(n+2\right)!}{\left(n+1\right)!+\left(n+2\right)!}=\frac{n!\left(n+1\right)-n!\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{n!\left(n+1\right)+n!\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n!\left(n+1\right)\left(1-n-2\right)}{n!\left(n+1\right)\left(1+n+2\right)}=\frac{-n-1}{n+3}\)
( Kí hiệu n!=1.2.3.4...n)
Câu hỏi của Nghĩa Nguyễn - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Ta có công thức: \(1+2+...+n=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\).
Áp dụng ta được:
\(A=\frac{\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}}{\frac{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{2}}=\frac{n}{n+2}\)