GPT: √5x2+14x+9−√x2−x−20=5√x+1
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ĐK: \(x\ge5\)
Chuyển vế, bình phương ta đc:
\(\sqrt{5x^2+14x+9}=5\sqrt{\left(x^2-x-20\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
Nhận xét:
Không tồn tại số \(\alpha,\beta\) để: \(2x^2-5x+2=\alpha\left(x^2-x-20\right)+\beta\left(x+1\right)\)
Ta có: \(\left(x^2-x-20\right)\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+4\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+4\right)\left(x^2-4x-5\right)\)
PT đc vt lại là: \(2\left(x^2-4x-5\right)+3\left(x+4\right)=5\sqrt{\left(x^2-4x-5\right)\left(x+4\right)}\)
Đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x^2-4x-5\\v=x+4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó PT trở thành:
\(2u+3v=5\sqrt{uv}\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}u=v\\u=\frac{9}{4}v\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét \(u=v\) ta có PT:
\(x^2-4x-5=x+4\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+9=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{5+\sqrt{61}}{2}\\x=\frac{5-\sqrt{61}}{2}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét \(u=\frac{9}{4}v\) ta có PT:
\(x^2-4x-5=\frac{9}{4}\left(x+4\right)\Leftrightarrow4x^2-25x-56=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=-\frac{7}{4}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy PT có 2 nghiệm là \(x=8;x=\frac{5+\sqrt{61}}{2}\)
Bài 2:
a) \(3x^2-7x-10=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)
b) \(x^2+6x+9-4y^2=\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2=\left(x+3-2y\right)\left(x+3+2y\right)\)
c) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-5x+5y=\left(x-y\right)^2-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-5\right)\)
d) \(4x^2-y^2-6x+3y=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)-3\left(2x-y\right)=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y-3\right)\)
e) \(1-2a+2bc+a^2-b^2-c^2=\left(a-1\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2=\left(a-1-b+c\right)\left(a-1+b-c\right)\)
f) \(x^3-3x^2-4x+12=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
g) \(x^4+64=\left(x^2+8\right)^2-16x^2=\left(x^2+8-4x\right)\left(x^2+6+4x\right)\)h) \(x^4-5x^2+4=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
i) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+7\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x^2+8x+15\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)^2+8\left(x^2+8x+7\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+11\right)^2\)
a: \(3x^2-7x-10\)
\(=3x^2+3x-10x-10\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)
b: \(x^2+6x+9-4y^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(x+3-2y\right)\left(x+3+2y\right)\)
c: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-5x+5y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-5\right)\)
\(a\\ -5x^2+3x.\left(x+2\right)=-5x^2+3x^2+6x=-2x^2+6x\\ b\\ -2x.\left(1-x^2\right)-2x^3=-2x+2x^3-2x^3=-2x\\ c\\ 4x.\left(x-1\right)-4.\left(x^2+2x-1\right)\\ =4x^2-4x-4x^2-8x+4=-12x+4\)
\(d\\ 6x^3-2x^2.\left(-x^2-3x\right)=6x^3+2x^4+6x^3=2x^4+12x^3\\ e\\ 3x.\left(x-1\right)-\left(1+2x\right).5x\\ =3x^2-3x-5x-10x^2=-7x^2-8x\\ f\\ -5x^2-\left(x-6\right).\left(-2x^2\right)=-5x^2+2x^3-12x^2=2x^3-17x^2\)
\(a,\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-18x+9\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(2z^2+4z+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+8xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2−18x+4z−6y+20=0
⇔9(x−1)^2+(y−3)^2+2(z+1)^2=0
⇔x=1;y=3;z=−1
b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y−2x+2=0
⇔4(x+y)2+(x−1)2+(y+1)2=0
⇔x=−y;x=1y=−1⇔x=1y=−1
c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy−2x+4y+5=0
⇔(2x+y)^2+(x−1)^2+(y+2)^2=0
⇔2x=−y;x=1;y=−2
⇔x=1;y=−2
d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y−4z−14
⇔(x−1)^2+(2y−3)^2+(z+2)^2=0
⇔x=1;y=3/2;z=−2
e: Ta có: x^2−6x+y2+4y+2=0
⇔x^2−6x+9+y^2+4y+4−11=0
⇔(x−3)^2+(y+2)^2=11
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2
Đáp án A.
f ' x = − 10 x + 14 − 5 x 2 + 14 x − 9 với 1 < x < 9 5 . f ' x < 0 ⇔ − 10 x + 14 0 ⇔ x 14 10 = 7 5 .
Kết hợp với điều kiện thì x ∈ 7 5 ; 9 5 .