Cho (a + b + c)(ab +bc + ca) = abc. Chứng minh rằng
a2021 + b2021 + c2021 = (a + b + c)2021
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\(\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{2021}{ab+bc+ac}=\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{4}{ab+bc+ac}+\frac{4}{ab+bc+ac}+\frac{2013}{ab+bc+ac}\)
\(=4\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ac}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ac}\right)+\frac{2013}{ab+bc+ac}\)
\(\ge\frac{36}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{2013}{ab+bc+ac}\ge\frac{36}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{2013}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}\ge4+671=675\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Với mọi số thực dương a;b;c ta có BĐT:
\(a^4+b^4\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
Tương tự, ta có:
\(VT\le\dfrac{ab}{ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+ab}+\dfrac{bc}{bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)+bc}+\dfrac{ca}{ca\left(c^2+a^2\right)+ca}\)
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+c^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+a^2+1}\)
Đặt \(\left(a^2;b^2;c^2\right)=\left(x^3;y^3;z^3\right)\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{x^3+y^3+1}+\dfrac{1}{y^3+z^3+1}+\dfrac{1}{z^3+x^3+1}\)
Ta lại có: \(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)\left(2xy-xy\right)=xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{xyz}{xy\left(x+y\right)+xyz}+\dfrac{xyz}{yz\left(y+z\right)+xyz}+\dfrac{xyz}{zx\left(z+x\right)+xyz}=1\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+c\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+c\left(bc+ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-b\\b=-c\\c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Với \(a=-b\Rightarrow a^{2021}=-b^{2021}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^{2021}+b^{2021}+c^{2021}=c^{2021}\\\left(a+b+c\right)^{2021}=c^{2021}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^{2021}+b^{2021}+c^{2021}=\left(a+b+c\right)^{2021}\)
Hai trường hợp sau hoàn toàn tương tự