cho a,b,c dương thỏa mãn ab+bc+ca=1. Chứng minh a-b/1+c^2 + b-c/1+a^2 + c-a/1+b^2 = 0
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1.Ta có: \(c+ab=\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab\)
\(=ac+bc+c^2+ab\)
\(=a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
CMTT \(a+bc=\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(b+ca=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
Từ đó \(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right)\)( theo BĐT AM-GM)
CMTT\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}.3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy /...
\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}=a+1-\frac{ab^2-b^2}{b^2+1}=a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{b^2+1}\ge a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{2b}\)
\(=a+1-\frac{b\left(a+1\right)}{2}=a+1-\frac{ab+b}{2}\)
Tương tự rồi cộng lại:
\(RHS\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{ab+bc+ca+a+b+c}{2}\)
\(\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+a+b+c}{2}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{a+2}+\dfrac{2}{b+2}+\dfrac{2}{c+2}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+2}+\dfrac{b}{b+2}+\dfrac{c}{c+2}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2a}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2b}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2c}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) đpcm
\(ab+bc+ac=3\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{ab+1}\) ( đúng với mọi \(ab\ge1\))
Giả sử:\(ab\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{ab+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2c^2+2+ab+1}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{2c^2+ab+3}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}\)
Giả sử: \(\dfrac{2c^2+ab+3}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)(đúng)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(2c^2+ab+3\right)\ge3\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4c^2+2ab+6\ge3\left(abc^2+ab+c^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4c^2+2ab+6\ge3abc^2+3ab+3c^2+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c^2-ab-3abc^2+3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c^2-ab-3abc^2+ab+ac+bc\ge0\) ( vì \(ab+ac+bc=3\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow c^2+ac+bc-3abc^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c+a+b-3abc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c+a+b\ge3abc\)
Ta có:
\(3\left(c+a+b\right)=\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\left(c+a+b\right)\) ( vì \(ab+ac+bc=3\) )
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM, ta có:
\(\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\left(c+a+b\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{2c^2+ab+3}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) ( đfcm )
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Do \(abc=1\), nếu viết BĐT về dạng:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2abc+1\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Có lẽ bạn sẽ nhận ra ngay. Một bài toán vô cùng quen thuộc.
Chắc với bài toán này thì bạn ko cần lời giải nữa, nó có ở khắp mọi nơi.
Với \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\), ta có: \(\Sigma\sqrt{\frac{ab+2c^2}{1+ab-c^2}}=\Sigma\sqrt{\frac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab-c^2}}\)
\(=\Sigma\sqrt{\frac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+ab}}=\Sigma\frac{ab+2c^2}{\sqrt{\left(ab+2c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)}}\)
\(\ge\Sigma\frac{ab+2c^2}{\frac{\left(ab+2c^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)}{2}}=\Sigma\frac{ab+2c^2}{\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2ab+2c^2}{2}}\)
\(\ge\text{}\Sigma\text{}\frac{ab+2c^2}{\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2c^2}{2}}=\Sigma\frac{ab+2c^2}{\frac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{2}}\)
\(=\Sigma\left(ab+2c^2\right)=2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ca\)
\(=2+ab+bc+ca\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)