Giải hpt : x3+y3=1 và x5+y5=x2+y2
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\(x^5+y^5=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)-x^2y^3-x^3y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)-\left(xy\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=10.26-\left(-3\right)^2.2=...\)
(x+y)5=32
⇔ x5+5x4y+10x3y2+10x2y3+5xy4+y5 = 32
⇔ x5+y5 = 32-5xy(x3+y3)-10x2y2(x+y)
= 32-5.(-3).26-10.(-3)2.2
= 242
\(\text{a) x^2 + y^2 = (x+y)^2 - 2xy = a^2 - 2b}\)
\(\text{b) x^3 + y^3 = (x+y)^3 - 3xy(x+y) = a^3 - 3ab}\)
\(\text{c) x^4 + y^4 = (x^2+y^2)^2 - 2x^2y^2 = (a^2-2b)^2 - 2b^2 = a^4 - 4a^2b + 2b^2}\)
\(\text{d) x^5 + y^5 = (x^3+y^3)(x^2+y^2) - x^2y^2(x+y) = a^5 - 5a^3b + 5ab^2}\)
Khi x = - 1; y = 1 thì xy = (-1).1= -1
Ta có: xy – x2y2 + x3y3 – x4y4 + x5y5 – x6.y6
= xy – (xy)2 + (xy)3 – (xy)4 + (xy)5 – (xy)6
= -1 – (-1)2 + (-1)3 – (-1)4 + (-1)5 - (-1)6
= -1 – 1 + (-1) – 1 + (-1) – 1
= - 6
Chọn đáp án D
6: \(-x^2y\left(xy^2-\dfrac{1}{2}xy+\dfrac{3}{4}x^2y^2\right)\)
\(=-x^3y^3+\dfrac{1}{2}x^3y^2-\dfrac{3}{4}x^4y^3\)
7: \(\dfrac{2}{3}x^2y\cdot\left(3xy-x^2+y\right)\)
\(=2x^3y^2-\dfrac{2}{3}x^4y+\dfrac{2}{3}x^2y^2\)
8: \(-\dfrac{1}{2}xy\left(4x^3-5xy+2x\right)\)
\(=-2x^4y+\dfrac{5}{2}x^2y^2-x^2y\)
9: \(2x^2\left(x^2+3x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=2x^4+6x^3+x^2\)
10: \(-\dfrac{3}{2}x^4y^2\left(6x^4-\dfrac{10}{9}x^2y^3-y^5\right)\)
\(=-9x^8y^2+\dfrac{5}{3}x^6y^5+\dfrac{3}{2}x^4y^7\)
11: \(\dfrac{2}{3}x^3\left(x+x^2-\dfrac{3}{4}x^5\right)=\dfrac{2}{3}x^3+\dfrac{2}{3}x^5-\dfrac{1}{2}x^8\)
12: \(2xy^2\left(xy+3x^2y-\dfrac{2}{3}xy^3\right)=2x^2y^3+6x^3y^3-\dfrac{4}{3}x^2y^5\)
13: \(3x\left(2x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}x^2-4x\right)=6x^4-x^3-12x^2\)
1. Ta có: hằng đẳng thức: \(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\) nếu x+y+z=0
đặt b-c=x, c-a=y, a-b=z⇒x+y+z=0
\(\Rightarrow\left(b-c\right)^3+\left(c-a\right)^3+\left(a-b\right)^3=3\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
2. \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)+3xyz-3xyz=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
3. Tham khảo: https://hoc247.net/hoi-dap/toan-8/phan-tich-da-thuc-x-y-5-x-5-y-5-thanh-nhan-tu-faq447273.html
\(5,=x^3+2x^2y-7x^2y-14xy^2\\ =x^2\left(x+2y\right)-7xy\left(x+2y\right)\\ =x\left(x-7y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
a) Ta thấy \(xy=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{2}=\dfrac{3^2-5}{2}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)\) \(=3\left(5-2\right)=9\)
b) Ta thấy \(xy=\dfrac{-\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{2}=\dfrac{15-5^2}{2}=-5\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3-y^3=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)\) \(=5\left(15-5\right)=50\)
`#3107.101107`
`D = x^3 - y^3 - 3xy` biết `x - y - 1 = 0`
Ta có:
`x - y - 1 = 0`
`=> x - y = 1`
`D = x^3 - y^3 - 3xy`
`= (x - y)(x^2 + xy + y^2) - 3xy`
`= 1 * (x^2 + xy + y^2) - 3xy`
`= x^2+ xy + y^2 - 3xy`
`= x^2 - 2xy + y^2`
`= x^2 - 2*x*y + y^2`
`= (x - y)^2`
`= 1^2 = 1`
Vậy, với `x - y = 1` thì `D = 1`
________
`E = x^3 + y^3` với `x + y = 5; x^2 + y^2 = 17`
`x + y = 5`
`=> (x + y)^2 = 25`
`=> x^2 + 2xy + y^2 = 25`
`=> 2xy = 25 - (x^2 + y^2)`
`=> 2xy = 25 - 17`
`=> 2xy = 8`
`=> xy = 4`
Ta có:
`E = x^3 + y^3`
`= (x + y)(x^2 - xy + y^2)`
`= 5 * [ (x^2 + y^2) - xy]`
`= 5 * (17 - 4)`
`= 5 * 13`
`= 65`
Vậy, với `x + y = 5; x^2 + y^2 = 17` thì `E = 65`
________
`F = x^3 - y^3` với `x - y = 4; x^2 + y^2 = 26`
Ta có:
`x - y = 4`
`=> (x - y)^2 = 16`
`=> x^2 - 2xy + y^2 = 16`
`=> (x^2 + y^2) - 2xy = 16`
`=> 2xy = (x^2 + y^2) - 16`
`=> 2xy = 26 - 16`
`=> 2xy = 10`
`=> xy = 5`
Ta có:
`F = x^3 - y^3`
`= (x - y)(x^2 + xy + y^2)`
`= 4 * [ (x^2 + y^2) + xy]`
`= 4 * (26 + 5)`
`= 4*31`
`= 124`
Vậy, với `x - y = 4; x^2 + y^2 = 26` thì `F = 124.`
1)
Ta có: x+y=2
nên \(\left(x+y\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+2xy=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2xy=2\)
hay xy=1
Ta có: \(x^3+y^3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=2^3-3\cdot1\cdot2\)
=2
2)\(x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=8^2-2\cdot\left(-20\right)=104\)
\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)=8^3-3\cdot\left(-20\right)\cdot8=512+480=992\)
\(x^2+y^2+xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-xy=8^2-\left(-20\right)=64+20=84\)
x 3 + 4 y = y 3 + 16 x 1 + y 2 = 5 ( 1 + x 2 ) ( 1 )
– Xét x = 0, hệ (I) trở thành 4 y = y 3 y 2 = 4 < = > y = ± 2
– Xét x ≠ 0, đặt y x = t < = > y = x t . Hệ (I) trở thành
x 3 + 4 x t = x 3 t 3 + 16 x 1 + x 2 t 2 = 5 ( 1 + x 2 ) < = > x 3 ( t 3 − 1 ) = 4 x t − 16 x x 2 ( t 2 − 5 ) = 4 < = > x 3 ( t 3 − 1 ) = 4 x ( t − 4 ) ( 1 ) 4 = x 2 ( t 2 − 5 ) ( 2 )
Nhân từng vế của (1) và (2), ta được phương trình hệ quả
4 x 3 ( t 3 − 1 ) = 4 x 3 ( t − 4 ) ( t 2 − 5 ) < = > t 3 − 1 = t 3 − 4 t 2 − 5 t + 20 (Do x ≠ 0) <=>4t 2 + 5 t − 21 = 0 < = > t = − 3 t = 7 4
+ Với t = – 3, thay vào (2) được x2 = 1 ⇔ x = ±1.
x = 1 thì y = –3, thử lại (1;–3) là một nghiệm của (I)
x = –1 thì y = 3, thử lại (–1;3) là một nghiệm của (I)
+ Với t = 7/4 , thay vào (2) được x 2 = − 64 31 (loại)
Vậy hệ (I) có các nghiệm (0;2), (0;–2), (1;–3), (–1;3).
10: \(x\left(x-y\right)+x^2-y^2\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)\)
11: \(x^2-y^2+10x-10y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(10x-10y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+10\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+10\right)\)
12: \(x^2-y^2+20x+20y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(20x+20y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+20\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y+20\right)\)
13: \(4x^2-9y^2-4x-6y\)
\(=\left(4x^2-9y^2\right)-\left(4x+6y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)-2\left(2x+3y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3y\right)\left(2x-3y-2\right)\)
14: \(x^3-y^3+7x^2-7y^2\)
\(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)+\left(7x^2-7y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+7\cdot\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+7\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2+7x+7y\right)\)
15: \(x^3+4x-\left(y^3+4y\right)\)
\(=x^3-y^3+4x-4y\)
\(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)+\left(4x-4y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+4\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2+4\right)\)
16: \(x^3+y^3+2x+2y\)
\(=\left(x^3+y^3\right)+\left(2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2+2\right)\)
17: \(x^3-y^3-2x^2y+2xy^2\)
\(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)-\left(2x^2y-2xy^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-2xy\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2-2xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
18: \(x^3-4x^2+4x-xy^2\)
\(=x\left(x^2-4x+4-y^2\right)\)
\(=x\left[\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-y^2\right]\)
\(=x\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-y^2\right]\)
\(=x\left(x-2-y\right)\left(x-2+y\right)\)
\(x^5+y^5=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)-xy\left(x+y\right)\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x-y\right)=0\)
=> x = 0 ; y = 1 hoặc x = 1 ; y = 0 hoặc x + y = 0 ....